“…Thus, GIRK channels are important regulators of electrical excitability in neurons. Neuronal GIRK channels mediate the inhibitory effect of numerous neurotransmitters including opioids, acetylcholine, adenosine, dopamine, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate, serotonin, norepinephrine, somatostatin, and neuropeptide Y ( Jaén & Doupnik, 2005;Lüscher et al, 1997;North, 1989;Sosulina, Schwesig, Seifert, & Pape, 2008;Witkowski, Szulczyk, Rola, & Szulczyk, 2008) by stimulating their cognate GPCRs, which couple to the G i/o family of G proteins. The opening of GIRK channels following GPCR activation decreases membrane excitability by hyperpolarizing the membrane potential and opposing membrane depolarization (Dascal, 1997).…”