D2 gas-filled blisters on deuterium-bombarded tungsten

Balden, M.; Lindig, S.; Manhard, A.; You, J.-H.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.04.031

Cited by 81 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The statistical analysis of a larger area on the specimen leads to sizes in the range of 1-20 µm, an areal density of the blisters of nearly 10 9 m -2 and a cap thickness of below 2 µm. These values are comparable to values observed in laboratory experiments in the studied parameter range [5,7,21]. Again as in the laboratory experiment, it is not observed any loss of blister caps.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…5 The observed crack system runs along grain boundaries about parallel to the surface in a depth of the order of a fraction of the blister diameter. This is typical also for blisters observed in laboratory experiments on rolled W [7,21] and the same formation mechanisms can be assumed. The hydrogen gas filling, as observed in laboratory studies [21], is not confirmed yet.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

“…This is typical also for blisters observed in laboratory experiments on rolled W [7,21] and the same formation mechanisms can be assumed. The hydrogen gas filling, as observed in laboratory studies [21], is not confirmed yet. The statistical analysis of a larger area on the specimen leads to sizes in the range of 1-20 µm, an areal density of the blisters of nearly 10 9 m -2 and a cap thickness of below 2 µm.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

“…Prior to the exposure, both W specimens were polished according to the procedure described in [7] to remove the distorted layer produced by machining. Therefore, a direct comparison with blistering studies in laboratory devices is possible [7,21]. Furthermore, some rectangular trenches serving also as markers were cut with a focused ion beam (FIB) into the polished surface as artificial morphologies with side walls perpendicular to the surface.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blistering and re-deposition on tungsten exposed to ASDEX Upgrade divertor plasma

Balden

Rohde

Lindig

et al. 2013

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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A well-polished and pre-characterised polycrystalline tungsten specimen was exposed to the outer divertor plasma of ASDEX Upgrade close to the strike point for 510 discharges in the campaign 2011 by using the divertor manipulator system. The exposure with a mixture of hydrogen and various impurities leads to blistering. The exposure parameters are comparable to those used in blistering studies under laboratory conditions. Furthermore, spherical dust particles formed by the strong plasma contact were transported and deposited onto the nearly vertically orientated target plates, i.e., the analysed specimen. In subsequent discharges, these particles were partly eroded and a microscopic pattern of layered deposits was formed around them with an elongation rotated ~40° to the projected B field line direction. PACS: 28.52 Fa, 52.40 Hf, 68.37 Hk, 82.80 Ej

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Blistering and re-deposition on tungsten exposed to ASDEX Upgrade divertor plasma

Balden

Rohde

Lindig

et al. 2013

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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“…For W materials exposed to low-energy, high flux hydrogen plasmas, local plastic deformation caused by hydrogen super-saturation within the nearsurface layer [8] is suggested as a mechanism for formation of intergranular and intragranular cracks, and, at long-term plasma exposure, for gas-filled void formation at depths up to several micrometers and, as consequence, for blistering [9][10][11]. It is known that an addition of Re not only improves the low temperature ductility of the tungsten material, but also increases 1 The term 'low-energy ions' means that the ion energy is below the displacement threshold.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface morphology and deuterium retention in tungsten and tungsten–rhenium alloy exposed to low-energy, high flux D plasma

Alimov

Hatano

Sugiyama

et al. 2014

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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Surface topography and deuterium retention in polycrystalline warm-rolled W and W-5%Re depending on the exposure temperature, are formed on the W and W-5%Re surfaces. In the W-5%Re, the deuterium retention demonstrates its maximum at exposure temperature of 463 K, while in the W this maximum is shifted to 523 K. A difference in the temperature dependence of the D retention for the W and W-5%Re is explained, as a rough approximation, by temperature dependences of the ductility of these materials.

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Interplay between the Edge Dislocation and Hydrogen in Tungsten at Electronically Excited States

Wang

Ding

et al. 2023

Advanced Physics Research

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Under the continuous irradiation of high‐density and high‐energy photons from the plasma core of a fusion reactor, the plasma‐facing materials (PFMs) of tungsten (W) are in electronically excited states. How hydrogen (H) interacts with defective PFMs in an electronically excited state is an open question. The authors report the developed W‐H tight‐binding (TB) potential model and employ this model to systemically investigate the interaction between an edge dislocation in tungsten with H at different electronically excited states. With the enhancement of electronic excitation, the strong attraction of the dislocation core to H slightly fluctuates, while the attraction to H is significantly enhanced in the region outside the dislocation core. When the electronic excitation energy is ≈0.86 eV, the region of tensile stress can trap H without additional energy. Additionally, the electronic excitation simultaneously makes H migration easy. It is revealed that the transfer of partial energy of the excited electrons to the lattice leads to the nonthermal expansion of the system and affects the interaction between the edge dislocation and H. These results not only show the nonthermal effect of tuning the interaction between hydrogen and the edge dislocation in tungsten but also uncover the nature underlying these phenomena.

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D2 gas-filled blisters on deuterium-bombarded tungsten

Cited by 81 publications

References 26 publications

Blistering and re-deposition on tungsten exposed to ASDEX Upgrade divertor plasma

Blistering and re-deposition on tungsten exposed to ASDEX Upgrade divertor plasma

Surface morphology and deuterium retention in tungsten and tungsten–rhenium alloy exposed to low-energy, high flux D plasma

Interplay between the Edge Dislocation and Hydrogen in Tungsten at Electronically Excited States

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