DAC-Less 32-GBd PDM-256-QAM Using Low-Power InP IQ Segmented MZM

Aimone, Alessandro; Frey, Felix; Elschner, Robert; Lopez, I. Garcia; Fiol, G.; Rito, Pedro; Gruner, Marko; Ulusoy, Ahmet Çağrı; Kissinger, Dietmar; Fischer, Johannes; Schubert, C.; Schell, Martin

doi:10.1109/lpt.2016.2636364

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Moreover, the electrical drive waveforms in the QB scheme (in the case of no-backoff-max-full-scale OOK generation), are taken as push-pull bipolar voltages inducing phaseshifts ± π 4 ∓ π 4 in the MZM upper (lower) arm. In contrast, in our proposed bias scheme (7) for MZM-based IGs, the drives are push-pull unipolar, and the MZM arms we are not statically biased to differ in phase, but rather the two MZM arms are symmetric (in the absence of applied drive waveforms) in the sense that they have the same static optical lengths. We henceforth refer to our IG phase-bias&drive scheme (4) and (5), as Symmetric Bias (SB), to have it distinguished from conventional Quadrature Bias (QB).…”

Section: Generic Odacs: Classification Parameterization Coding 1-bit Gatesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Notably, for IGs, our adopted push-pull scheme (7) for phase modulations of the two MZM arms, differs from the conventional Quadrature Bias (QB) scheme customarily used for Intensity Modulation (IM) Direct Detection (IM-DD) MZMs. In the conventional QB approach to OOK modulation over DD links, one MZM arm is structurally or electrically phase-biased to accrue an extra phase of π 2 relative to the other arm (equivalently both arms are electrically phase-biased ± π 4 , such that their bias phase difference be π 4 − (− π 4 ) = π 2 )) i.e., the optical lengths of the two arms (in the absence of applied drive voltages) differ by a quarter wavelength.…”

Section: Generic Odacs: Classification Parameterization Coding 1-bit Gatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The integer S denotes the number of 1-bit gates used in the oDAC PIC structure. Examples: S = 3 for an MPMZM with three parallel paths each comprising a 1-bit driven MZM (used to generate a PAM8 constellation, C = 8), i.e., (D, C, S) = (1, 8, 3); S = 7 for a SEMZM with seven segments (also used to generate a PAM8 constellation), i.e., (D,C,S) = (1,8,7). We shall always assume dyadic-sized oDAC constellations (dyadic meaning integer-power-of-two): C = 2 B = 4, 8, 16, .…”

Section: Generic Odacs: Classification Parameterization Coding 1-bit Gatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accurate Power-Efficient Format-Scalable Multi-Parallel Optical Digital-to-Analogue Conversion

Nazarathy

Tomkos

2021

Photonics

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In optical transmitters generating multi-level constellations, optical modulators are preceded by Electronic Digital-to-Analog-Converters (eDAC). It is advantageous to use eDAC-free Optical Analog to Digital Converters (oDAC) to directly convert digital bitstreams into multilevel PAM/QAM optical signals. State-of-the-art oDACs are based on Segmented Mach-Zehnder-Modulators (SEMZM) using multiple modulation segments strung along the MZM waveguides to serially accumulate binary-modulated optical phases. Here we aim to assess performance limits of the Serial oDACs (SEMZM) and introduce an alternative improved Multi-Parallel oDAC (MPoDAC) architecture, in particular based on arraying multiple binary-driven MZMs in parallel: Multi-parallel MZM (MPMZM) oDAC. We develop generic methodologies of oDAC specification and optimization encompassing both SEMZM and MPMZM options in Direct-Detection (DD) and Coherent-Detection (COH) implementations. We quantify and compare intrinsic performance limits of the various serial/parallel DD/COH subclasses for general constellation orders, comparing with the scant prior-work on the multi-parallel option. A key finding: COH-MPMZM is the only class synthesizing ‘perfect’ (equi-spaced max-full-scale) constellations while maximizing energy-efficiency-SEMZM/MPMZM for DD are less accurate when maximal energy-efficiency is required. In particular, we introduce multiple variants of PAM4|8 DD and QAM16|64 COH MPMZMs, working out their accuracy vs. energy-efficiency-and-complexity tradeoffs, establishing their format-reconfigurability (format-flexible switching of constellation order and/or DD/COH).

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Section: Generic Odacs: Classification Parameterization Coding 1-bit Gatesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Generic Odacs: Classification Parameterization Coding 1-bit Gatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Generic Odacs: Classification Parameterization Coding 1-bit Gatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accurate Power-Efficient Format-Scalable Multi-Parallel Optical Digital-to-Analogue Conversion

Nazarathy

Tomkos

2021

Photonics

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“…e optical fiber wireless network system based on the combination of optical PDM and MIMO reception can realize the transmission of ultralarge capacity data, but its upper limit is far larger than that. It is well known that high-order I/Q modulation (such as M-QAM) is used to improve spectrum efficiency [58,59]. erefore, in the signal transmitter part, when the advanced multilevel modulation signal is modulated on the I/Q modulator, the transmission capacity of the ROF network system based on the combination of optical PDM and MIMO can be increased several times.…”

Section: Advanced Multilevel Modulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, it is necessary to introduce the DSP part of the receiver. Compared with the ADC and the basic DSP algorithm in the previous section [56,59,60], the DSP algorithm of this structure is partly complex. Its sequence block diagram is shown in Figure 13.…”

Section: Advanced Multilevel Modulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on the Millimeter-Wave Generation Techniques Based on Photon Assisted for the RoF Network System

Xiao

Zhao

Feng

et al. 2020

Advances in Condensed Matter Physics

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With the development trend of wireless and broadband in the communication link and even the whole information industry, the demand of high-frequency microwave bandwidth has been increasing. The RoF network system solves the problem of spectrum congestion in low-frequency band by providing an effective technology for the distribution of high-frequency microwave signals over optical fiber links. However, the traditional mm-wave generation technique is limited by the bandwidth of electronic devices. It is difficult to generate high-frequency and low-phase noise mm-wave signals with pure electrical components. The mm-wave communication technology based on photon assisted can overcome the bandwidth bottleneck of electronic devices and provide the potential for developing the low-cost infrastructure demand of broadband mobile services. This paper will briefly explain the characteristics of the RoF network system and the advantages of high-frequency mm-wave. Then we, respectively, introduce the modulation schemes of RoF mm-wave generation based on photon assisted including directly modulated laser (DML), external modulation, and optical heterodyne. The review mainly focuses on a variety of different mm-wave generation technologies including multifrequency vector mm-wave. Furthermore, we list several approaches to realize the large capacity data transmission techniques and describe the digital signal processing (DSP) algorithm flow in the receiver. In the end, we summarize the RoF network system and look forward to the future.

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Optical channel aggregation based on modulation format conversion by coherent spectral superposition with electro-optic modulators

Misra,

Preußler,

Singh

et al. 2023

APL Photonics

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Spectrally efficient modulation formats become essential for optical network scaling as the demand for routed data streams exceeds the present wavelength-division multiplexing systems’ throughput. However, achieving high spectral efficiency at high data rates requires complex and bandwidth-intensive electronics. In this study, we propose an all-optical aggregation scheme that combines multiple low spectral efficiency optical wavelength channels from an optical frequency comb based transmitter into fewer channels with higher spectral efficiency. Our method utilizes coherent spectral superposition and optical vector summation, eliminating the need for optical nonlinearities and relying on linear signal processing with an electro-optic modulator. By adjusting the phase of the radio frequency signal driving the modulator, we can easily achieve the required optical phase tuning for vector addition in the I-Q plane. Through experimental demonstrations, we show that the proposed approach enables the generation of 10 GBd PAM-4 and 10 GBd quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) signals by aggregating two 10 GBd binary phase shift keying signals. Similarly, we aggregate two 10 GBd QPSK signals into one 10 GBd quadrature amplitude modulation-16 (QAM-16) signal. The experiments employ both conventional and sinc-shaped Nyquist signals. Our in-line, all-optical aggregation concept significantly enhances operational capacity while reducing complexity. It offers a promising solution for realizing flexible integrated optical transmitters for advanced modulation format signals using lower-quality electronics. Additionally, it aligns with the requirements of future dynamically reconfigurable optical networks that leverage spectral traffic aggregation. Given its reliance on linear signal processing with an electro-optic modulator, the integration of the method into any integrated photonic platform is straightforward.

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DAC-Less 32-GBd PDM-256-QAM Using Low-Power InP IQ Segmented MZM

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Accurate Power-Efficient Format-Scalable Multi-Parallel Optical Digital-to-Analogue Conversion

Accurate Power-Efficient Format-Scalable Multi-Parallel Optical Digital-to-Analogue Conversion

Review on the Millimeter-Wave Generation Techniques Based on Photon Assisted for the RoF Network System

Optical channel aggregation based on modulation format conversion by coherent spectral superposition with electro-optic modulators

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