Dacryocystorhinography in the dog and cat*

Abstract

The normal nasolachrymal systems of the dog (meso‐, dolicho‐, and brachycephalic) and cat were investigated by dacryocystorhinography and latex preparations. Nasolachrymal abnormalities associated with obstructions, deviations, a congenital defect and invasion of the system were demonstrated by dacryocystorhinography in four dogs and two cats. The value of dacryocystorhinography in the clinical evaluation of nasolachrymal diseases and in the diagnosis of nasal masses is presented. Résumé. Le systeme naso‐lacrymal normal du chien (méso‐, dolicho‐, et brachyocéphale) et du chat a été étudié par dacryocytsto‐rhinographie et d'après des préparations de latex. Les anomalies nasolacrymales dues à l'obstruction, aux déviations, aux lésions congénitales ou invasives ont pu être mises en évidence grâce à la dacryocysto‐rhinographie chez 4 chiens et deux chats. Les auteurs soulignent les avantages de cette méthode dans le diagnostic des affections naso‐lacrymales et en particulier dans celui des masses nasales. Zusammenfassung. Die normalen nasolachrymalen Systeme des Hundes (meso‐, dolicho‐und brachiocephal)und der Katze wurden mittels Dacryocystorhinographie und Latexpräparaten untersucht. Nasolachrymale Anomalitäten, die mit Obstruktionen, Abweichungen, einem con‐genitalen Defekt und Invasion des Systems verbunden waren, wurden durch Dacryocystorhinographie bei vier Hunden und zwei Katzen nachgewiesen. Der Wert der Dacryocystorhinographie bei der klinischen Untersuchung nasolachrymaler Krankheiten und für die Diagnose nasaler Massen wird erläutert.

Development of the Lacrimal Apparatus in the Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and Its Potential Role as an Animal Model for Humans

“…This may be associated with their shortened face and reduced maxilla and in contrast to the relatively straight NLD bony canal of strepsirrhine monkeys [24] and the slightly curved bony NLD in dolichocephalic (elongate-faced) and mesocephalic (normal-faced) cats and dogs [15]. The prominent flexures seen in the NLD of rabbits are unlike the conditions observed in primates but somewhat similar to some of the larger mammals.…”

“…The NLD opens in the ventral or lateral aspect of the naris in many mammals [14, 15, 17–20, 24, 37]. Haplorhine primates [24] and short-faced cats [37] have a meatal opening for their NLD.…”

“…Haplorhine primates [24] and short-faced cats [37] have a meatal opening for their NLD. Additionally, the (maxillary) bony canal descends diagonally in many mammals [14, 15, 17–20, 24, 37] except haplorhine primates [24] and short-faced cats [37]. It has been proposed that meatal opening of the NLD in haplorhine primates was the result of an “unzipping” of the membranous portion of the NLD, perhaps in response to a change in the architecture of the vomeronasal system [24].…”

“…The composition of the bony canal is often under-reported or only vaguely described, for example, cited only as an “osseous lacrimal canal” (e.g., [12–14]) or as surrounded by the maxillary only (e.g., [5, 15–17]). Other authors make only vague allusions to both maxillary and lacrimal contributions (e.g., [18–21]) or to some fused structure of lacrimal, maxilla, maxilloturbinal, and frontal bones (e.g., [22, 23]).…”

Avaliação da epífora de cães usando dacriocistografia e tomografia computadorizada

“…Esse exame não é utilizado apenas para avaliar a patência do ducto lacrimonasal, mas também para revelar a localização anatômica do problema (Gelatt et al 1972). Ou seja, a dacriocistografia (DCG) pode determinar com precisão a localização da obstrução ou estenose da via lacrimal excretora (Lloyd & Welham 1974).…”