Daily activity timing in the Anthropocene

Gilbert, Neil A.; McGinn, Kate; Nunes, Laura A.; Shipley, Amy A.; Bernath-Plaisted, Jacy; Clare, John; Murphy, Penelope W.; Keyser, Spencer R.; Thompson, Kimberly L.; Nelson, Sarah E.; Cohen, Jeremy M.; Widick, Ivy V.; Bartel, Savannah L.; Orrock, John L.; Zuckerberg, Benjamin

doi:10.1016/j.tree.2022.10.008

Cited by 44 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…While the integration of VHF and GPS technologies over the past few decades into predator–prey research has opened the door for measuring predation in space [26,61,62], there has been a lack of methodological means for measuring predation in time. As such our understanding of the temporal aspects of predation remains poor [11] relative to the spatial aspects. The study of wolf–moose interactions by Vander Vennen et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the integration of VHF and GPS technologies over the past few decades into predator-prey research has opened the door for measuring predation in space [26,61,62], there has been a lack of methodological means for measuring predation in time. As such our understanding of the temporal aspects of predation remains poor [11] relative to the spatial aspects. The study of wolf-moose interactions by Vander Vennen et al [9] is the only one, to our knowledge, which has ever directly tested predator and prey activity on the diel pattern of predation, but their estimated predation time was based on GPS-based predator movement data collected at 2.5 h intervals and their metrics of predator and prey activity were solely GPS-based movement rates calculated over ≥ 1 h. Here we show a novel approach of using accelerometers to accurately document the precise timing of (1) mortality in a small mammal and (2) predation by a medium sized predator at very fine time scales (at second-scale for prey and royalsocietypublishing.org/journal/rspb Proc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Effects of predator-prey spatio-temporal overlap on predation can be confounded by various environmental factors. For example, habitat characteristics are potentially more important determinants of predation than predator-prey spatial overlap [10], or diel patterns of predation can be modified by anthropogenic disturbance while prey fail to adjust their temporal activity pattern in response to it [11]. It is well documented that prey show a wide range of behavioural adjustments in response to high perceived risk [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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When death comes: linking predator–prey activity patterns to timing of mortality to understand predation risk

et al. 2023

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The assumption that activity and foraging are risky for prey underlies many predator–prey theories and has led to the use of predator–prey activity overlap as a proxy of predation risk. However, the simultaneous measures of prey and predator activity along with timing of predation required to test this assumption have not been available. Here, we used accelerometry data on snowshoe hares ( Lepus americanus ) and Canada lynx ( Lynx canadensis ) to determine activity patterns of prey and predators and match these to precise timing of predation. Surprisingly we found that lynx kills of hares were as likely to occur during the day when hares were inactive as at night when hares were active. We also found that activity rates of hares were not related to the chance of predation at daily and weekly scales, whereas lynx activity rates positively affected the diel pattern of lynx predation on hares and their weekly kill rates of hares. Our findings suggest that predator–prey diel activity overlap may not always be a good proxy of predation risk, and highlight a need for examining the link between predation and spatio-temporal behaviour of predator and prey to improve our understanding of how predator–prey behavioural interactions drive predation risk.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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When death comes: linking predator–prey activity patterns to timing of mortality to understand predation risk

et al. 2023

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“…amber under moonlight and red under starlight). The significance of these timescapes for organismal behaviours and interactions cannot be understated [2,24,25]. For example, many flowers control scent emission and nectar production to attract pollinating day-active bees by light intensity [15,26].…”

Section: Natural Light Entrains Activity Patterns and Selects For Spe...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A framework for untangling the consequences of artificial light at night on species interactions

Seymoure,

Dell,

Hölker

et al. 2023

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Although much evidence exists showing organismal consequences from artificial light at night (ALAN), large knowledge gaps remain regarding ALAN affecting species interactions. Species interactions occur via shared spatio-temporal niches among species, which may be determined by natural light levels. We review how ALAN is altering these spatio-temporal niches through expanding twilight or full Moon conditions and constricting nocturnal conditions as well as creating patches of bright and dark. We review literature from a database to determine if ALAN is affecting species interactions via spatio-temporal dynamics. The literature indicates a growing interest in ALAN and species interactions: 58% of the studies we analysed have been published since 2020. Seventy-five of 79 studies found ALAN altered species interactions. Enhancements and reductions of species interactions were equally documented. Many studies revealed ALAN affecting species interactions spatially, but few revealed temporal alterations. There are biases regarding species interactions and ALAN—most studies investigated predator–prey interactions with vertebrates as predators and invertebrates as prey. Following this literature review, we suggest avenues, such as remote sensing and animal tracking, that can guide future research on the consequences of ALAN on species interactions across spatial and temporal axes. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Light pollution in complex ecological systems’.

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“…Ultimately, understanding the factors that influence daily activity patterns provides important information to understand animal behavior, community interactions, and how best to manage and conserve species. Because of this, activity patterns are increasingly being evaluated to answer a suite of ecological questions (Gilbert et al, 2022). However, the factors that influence activity patterns are largely unknown for many species, and it is further unclear how varying methodologies compare in representing daily activity patterns for species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of daily activity patterns across seasons using GPS telemetry and camera trap data for a widespread mammal

Wolfson,

Schlichting,

Boughton

et al. 2023

Ecosphere

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Daily activity patterns of animals can be dynamic across seasons in response to changing environmental conditions. Daily activity, though, has rarely been evaluated in relation to multiple factors (e.g., seasons, demographics, and data collection methods), which could be important for understanding what drives activity patterns. Here, we evaluated the daily activity patterns of a widespread invasive species, wild pigs (Sus scrofa), across two ecologically different study areas at Buck Island Ranch, FL, and Tejon Ranch, CA, from 2015 to 2018. Using GPS telemetry data (62 individuals in FL, 21 individuals in CA) and detections from grids of systematically placed motion‐activated cameras (44 cameras in FL, 48 cameras in CA), we compared activity patterns among seasons, sexes, and data collection methods (GPS and camera traps). Overall, wild pigs were mostly active during crepuscular and nocturnal periods, with their lowest activity during diurnal periods; however, activity patterns varied due to several factors. Daily activity patterns were similar between methods, among seasons, and between sexes in the subtropical climate of Florida. In contrast, daily activity patterns exhibited greater differences between methods and among seasons in California, where seasonal differences in temperature and precipitation were more pronounced. Overall, daily activity patterns estimated using GPS telemetry and camera‐based methods not only exhibited a high degree of overlap in several comparisons but also exhibited marked differences that should be recognized. Given the increasing evaluation of daily activity patterns of animals using multiple types of datasets, our study provides ecologists with valuable information to consider when designing ecological studies, interpreting their results, and comparing research across systems and studies.

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Daily activity timing in the Anthropocene

Cited by 44 publications

References 91 publications

When death comes: linking predator–prey activity patterns to timing of mortality to understand predation risk

When death comes: linking predator–prey activity patterns to timing of mortality to understand predation risk

A framework for untangling the consequences of artificial light at night on species interactions

Comparison of daily activity patterns across seasons using GPS telemetry and camera trap data for a widespread mammal

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