Daily Associations Between Trauma-Related Mental Contamination and Use of Specific Coping Strategies: Results of a Daily Monitoring Study

Abstract

Mental contamination (MC)—a sense of dirtiness experienced without contacting an identifiable pollutant—is a distressing and enduring experience among many survivors of sexual trauma. MC has been linked to more frequent use of avoidant coping behaviors (e.g., washing behavior, substance use, binge eating) and approach coping. However, it is unclear if specific approach and avoidant coping strategies are more consistently related to perseverative experiences of trauma-related MC, if the use of certain strategies predicts changes in MC, and if fluctuations in MC predict the use of certain strategies. The present study evaluated contemporaneous and prospective relationships between sexual trauma-related MC and use of 11 specific coping strategies among 41 women with a history of sexual trauma using an experience sampling design. Women completed twice-daily assessments of coping strategy use and MC for 14 days. Between-persons, women reporting more intense MC on average reported more frequent use of distraction, denial, giving up, self-blame, thought suppression, washing behavior, emotional processing, and emotional expression than those experiencing less intense MC. Within-person increases in MC were associated with more frequent concurrent use of all coping strategies except seeking support. Lastly, within-person increases in MC predicted more frequent use of giving up, substance use, and seeking support at the next assessment and within-person increases in substance use predicted less severe MC at the next assessment. Future work should aim to identify factors influencing the selection and/or quality of use of these specific coping strategies among individuals experiencing MC.

Assessment of Comorbid Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

“…An individual with PTSD, for example, might repeatedly check door locks or visually “sweep” rooms to ensure safety and prevent revictimization. Following sexual victimization, it is common for survivors to engage in cleaning and washing behaviors (Badour et al, 2012; Fairbrother & Rachman, 2004; Tipsword et al, 2023). Like compulsive washing or cleaning among OCD patients with contamination obsessions, excessive washing behaviors in PTSD can persist well after any trace of the original contaminants remains (Fairbrother & Rachman, 2004).…”