Daily discrimination, church support, personal mastery, and psychological distress in black people in the United States

Muruthi, James R; Muruthi, Bertranna A.; Cañas, Reid E. Thompson; Romero, Lindsey; Taiwo, Abiola; Ehlinger, Peter P.

doi:10.1080/13557858.2022.2078481

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Second, the NSAL includes a nationally representative sample of African Americans. The representative and adequate sample allows for meaningfully examining variation in oral health among African American men and women separately [51][52][53]. Third, the data represent one of the most comprehensive social surveys of US-residing people of African descent ever conducted [50,54].…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Former Incarceration, Time Served, and Perceived Oral Health among African American Women and Men

Talbert

Macy

2022

IJERPH

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A large body of research has documented the far-reaching health consequences of mass incarceration in the United States. Yet, less scholarship has examined the relationship between former incarceration and oral health, a key reflection of health and disease occurring within the rest of the body. Using data extracted from the National Survey of American Life (n = 3343), this study examines associations among former incarceration status, duration of detention, and self-reported oral health among African American women and men. Results from gender-stratified ordered logistic models reveal that formerly incarcerated African American men and women experience significantly poorer oral health than their never incarcerated counterparts even after controlling for important social determinants of health. Furthermore, oral health is curvilinearly associated with the length of time that men are incarcerated such that odds of poor health decrease as detention duration increases up to approximately 15 years incarcerated. After 15 years of detainment, the odds of poor health tend to increase as duration increases. Findings extend research identifying gendered spillover health consequences of contact with the criminal legal system. Health professionals and policymakers should be conscious of incarceration as an important deleterious experience for the immediate and long-term condition of people’s teeth, mouth, and gums.

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Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Former Incarceration, Time Served, and Perceived Oral Health among African American Women and Men

Talbert

Macy

2022

IJERPH

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“…It has been previously reported that greater, versus lower, personal mastery enables individuals to extricate themselves from unsolvable tasks 33 . In a sample of older African American and Afro-Caribbean adults, personal mastery partially explained how perceived discrimination correlated with psychological distress suggesting that understanding the impact of personal mastery is critical in the study of perceived discrimination on psychological distress 34 . Considered altogether, the perceived discrimination and sense of control literature provides evidence for a direct impact of psychosocial stress on brain health and suggests a moderating role of personal mastery on brain structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personal Mastery Attenuates the Association between Greater Perceived Discrimination and Lower Amygdala and Anterior Hippocampal Volume in a Diverse Sample of Older Adults

Rosario,

Alotaibi,

Espinal-Martinez

et al. 2024

Preprint

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There is limited research investigating whether perceived discrimination influences brain structures that subserve episodic memory, namely the hippocampus and amygdala. Our rationale for examining these regions build on their known sensitivity to stress and functional differences along the long-axis of the hippocampus, with the anterior hippocampus and amygdala implicated in emotional and stress regulation. We defined perceived discrimination as the unfair treatment of one group by a dominant social group without the agency to respond to the event. A potential moderator of perceived discrimination is personal mastery, which we operationally defined as personal agency. Our primary goals were to determine whether perceived discrimination correlated with amygdala and anterior hippocampal volume, and if personal mastery moderated these relationships. Using FreeSurfer 7.1.0, we processed T1-weighted images to extract bilateral amygdala and hippocampal volumes. Discrimination and personal mastery were assessed via self-report (using the Experiences of Discrimination and Sense of Control questionnaires, respectively). Using multiple regression, greater perceived discrimination correlated with lower bilateral amygdala and anterior hippocampal volume, controlling for current stress, sex, education, age, and intracranial volume. Exploratory subfield analyses showed these associations were localized to the anterior hippocampal CA1 and subiculum. As predicted, using a moderation analysis, personal mastery attenuated the relationship between perceived discrimination and amygdala and anterior hippocampal volume. Here, we extend our knowledge on perceived discrimination as a salient psychosocial stressor with a neurobiological impact on brain systems implicated in stress, memory, and emotional regulation, and provide evidence for personal mastery as a moderating factor of these relationships.

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Impact of Structural Racism and Social Determinants of Health on Disparities in Breast Cancer Mortality

Falcone,

Salhia,

Hughes Halbert

et al. 2024

Cancer Research

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The striking ethnic and racial disparities in breast cancer mortality are not explained fully by pathological or clinical features. Structural racism contributes to adverse conditions that promote cancer inequities, but the pathways by which this occurs are not fully understood. Social determinants of health (SDOH), such as economic status and access to care, account for a portion of this variability, yet interventions designed to mitigate these barriers have not consistently led to improved outcomes. Based on the current evidence from multiple disciplines, we describe a conceptual model in which structural racism and racial discrimination contribute to increased mortality risk in diverse groups of patients by promoting adverse SDOH that elevate exposure to environmental hazards and stress; these exposures in turn contribute to epigenetic and immune dysregulation, thereby altering breast cancer outcomes. Based on this model, opportunities and challenges arise for interventions to reduce racial and ethnic disparities in breast cancer mortality.

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Daily discrimination, church support, personal mastery, and psychological distress in black people in the United States

Cited by 3 publications

References 64 publications

Former Incarceration, Time Served, and Perceived Oral Health among African American Women and Men

Former Incarceration, Time Served, and Perceived Oral Health among African American Women and Men

Personal Mastery Attenuates the Association between Greater Perceived Discrimination and Lower Amygdala and Anterior Hippocampal Volume in a Diverse Sample of Older Adults

Impact of Structural Racism and Social Determinants of Health on Disparities in Breast Cancer Mortality

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