Daily dynamics of the number and activity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in fallow and intensely cultivated soils

Emer, N. R.; Semenov, A. M.; Zelenev, V.V.; Zinyakova, N. B.; Костина, Н. В.; Golichenkov, M. V.

doi:10.1134/s106422931408002x

“…Thus, the traditional method of determining the ammonification of SE is not sensitive enough to use it for the rapid, routine detection of differences between two genesically and landscapeclose, but radically different in exploitation soils. As a result, the ammonification as well as nitrogen fixation [4], as the processes to the influx of nitrogen into SE, due to their insufficient selectivity (sensitivity), high labour intensity and time of capacity, cannot be recommended as methods for every day, routine analytical procedure in the soil health parameter determining in relation to nitrogen. The obtained results allow us to draw another significant conclusion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the same time, due to nitrogen-fixing symbionts of leguminous plants, soil enrichment with nitrogen is estimated from 60 to 300 kg/ha per year [2,3]. A recent study of the daily dynamics of the nitrogen fixation process and the number of colonies forming units (CFU) of nitrogen fixers in cropped soil has revealed a typical wave-like dynamics of these indicators [4]. It should be noted that wave-like dynamics are always detected with long-term, daily recording of the total number of microorganisms and/or CFUs in various ecosystems [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of the Number of Ammonification Bacteria and Activity of the Ammonification Process in Soils and their Relevance for the Development of the of Soil Health Parameter

AM¹

2019

CIACR

2

0

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The results of daily counting of the colony forming units (CFU) number of bacteria capable of the ammonification (AMM) and activity of the AMM process using ammonium concentrations after induction of the AMM by peptone in soil samples from fallow and intensively cropped plots of gray forest soil are presented. Statistical analysis of visually observed wave-like dynamics of CFU revealed statistically significant harmonics in CFU of these soils. The harmonics of the dynamic of CFU of different soils were fairly close by their quantitative characteristics. This indicates not only the dynamic similarity, but also a comparable orderliness in the functioning of the ammonifying component in the differently used soils. The daily dynamics of the ammonium concentration in the soil samples was manifested in the form of curve accumulation of NH 4 + in time. The presentation of the results of the dynamics of NH 4 + in the form of subtraction differences between the subsequent concentration of NH 4 + and the previous one showed that the dynamics of daily production of NH 4 + just like the dynamics of CFU, has an oscillating nature. The observed differences in the dynamics of NH 4 + in the compared soil ecosystems (SE) -the fallow and intensively cropped plots are very minor. Thus, even detailed monitoring the dynamic of AMM in SE do not allow to reveal significant differences in AMM of genetically identical but differently used soils. Therefore, the process of ammonification cannot be used to identify differences in the "nitrogen" parameters of the soil health.

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“…The control soil -a fallow, was selected at a distance of about 100 m from the field soil. The description of the fallow area is given in [4]. The sod layer of the fallow soil (about 5 cm), represented by intensive grassy vegetation was cut before the sampling.…”

Section: Soil Selection and Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the Number of Ammonification Bacteria and Activity of the Ammonification Process in Soils and their Relevance for the Development of the of Soil Health Parameter

Am¹,

Il

²

,

Av

³

2018

CIACR

0

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The results of daily counting of the colony forming units (CFU) number of bacteria capable of the ammonification (AMM) and activity of the AMM process using ammonium concentrations after induction of the AMM by peptone in soil samples from fallow and intensively cropped plots of gray forest soil are presented. Statistical analysis of visually observed wave-like dynamics of CFU revealed statistically significant harmonics in CFU of these soils. The harmonics of the dynamic of CFU of different soils were fairly close by their quantitative characteristics. This indicates not only the dynamic similarity, but also a comparable orderliness in the functioning of the ammonifying component in the differently used soils. The daily dynamics of the ammonium concentration in the soil samples was manifested in the form of curve accumulation of NH 4 + in time. The presentation of the results of the dynamics of NH 4 + in the form of subtraction differences between the subsequent concentration of NH 4 + and the previous one showed that the dynamics of daily production of NH 4 + just like the dynamics of CFU, has an oscillating nature. The observed differences in the dynamics of NH 4 + in the compared soil ecosystems (SE) -the fallow and intensively cropped plots are very minor. Thus, even detailed monitoring the dynamic of AMM in SE do not allow to reveal significant differences in AMM of genetically identical but differently used soils. Therefore, the process of ammonification cannot be used to identify differences in the "nitrogen" parameters of the soil health.

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“…Second, our dynamic experiments (in the form of daily long-term measurements) have shown that the processes of nitrogen fixation and ammonification in the soil ecosystem cannot be recommended as routine parameters for estimation of "closeness" or "openness" of processes of flowing of nitrogen into the soil (Emer et al, 2014;Semenov and Sokolov, 2016). For a long time all it is known that biological processes of removal of N from soil in the form of nitrification and denitrification also have fundamental limitations and cannot be recommended as indicators for routine estimations of the daily loss of N from soil (Semenov and Sokolov, 2016).…”

Section: Determination Of Parameter Of Health Of the Soil Enriched Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

The health of soil ecosystem as self-maintenance and sustainable bioproductivity review article

Semenov¹,

Sokolov²,

Glinushkin³

et al. 2017

Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica

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In the review traditional characteristics of the soil quality are discussed. Soil health (SH) along with its soil quality and fertility, is considered as the most important, functional characteristic of any soil ecosystem (SE). The consistent patterns and results of the study of structure and functions of the microbial community (MC) of the soil ecosystem were generalized to substantiate the quantitative parameters of soil health. The author's developments for definitions of soil and soil health are given. The prospects of using the parameters of SH for diagnostics at recovery and biological rehabilitation of technogenically disturbed soils are proposed.

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Daily dynamics of the number and activity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in fallow and intensely cultivated soils

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Determination of the Number of Ammonification Bacteria and Activity of the Ammonification Process in Soils and their Relevance for the Development of the of Soil Health Parameter

Determination of the Number of Ammonification Bacteria and Activity of the Ammonification Process in Soils and their Relevance for the Development of the of Soil Health Parameter

Determination of the Number of Ammonification Bacteria and Activity of the Ammonification Process in Soils and their Relevance for the Development of the of Soil Health Parameter

The health of soil ecosystem as self-maintenance and sustainable bioproductivity review article

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