Daily Exposure to Air Pollution Particulate Matter Is Associated with Atrial Fibrillation in High-Risk Patients

Gallo, Elisa; Folino, Franco; Buja, Gianfranco; Zanotto, Gabriele; Bottigliengo, Daniele; Comoretto, Rosanna Irene; Marras, Elena; Allocca, Giuseppe; Vaccari, Diego; Gasparini, G.; Bertaglia, Emanuele; Zoppo, Franco; Calzolari, Vittorio; Suh, Rene Nangah; Ignatiuk, Barbara; Lanera, Corrado; Benassi, Alessandro; Gregori, Darío; Iliceto, Sabino

doi:10.3390/ijerph17176017

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In previous epidemiological studies examining the correlation between short-term air pollution exposure and AF, mainly hospitalized patients or individuals with continuous rhythm monitoring (i.e., patients with implanted devices or individuals undergoing ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring) were included ( 30 ). Most studies examined patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) and revealed an association between PM and non-allergic diseases or episodes of ventricular fibrillation ( 31 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Air Quality on the Risk of Emergency Room Visits in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation

Liang

et al. 2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Background: We investigated the effect of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm (PM2.5) and meteorological conditions on the risk of emergency room visits in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) in Beijing, which is considered as a monsoon climate region.Methods: In this case-crossover design study, medical records from patients with AF who visited the Critical Care Center in the Emergency Department of Anzhen Hospital from January 2011 through December 2014 and air quality and meteorological data of Beijing during the same period were collected and analyzed using Cox regression and time-series autocorrelation analyses.Results: A total of 8,241 patients were included. When the average PM2.5 concentration was >430 μg/m3, the risk of emergency room visits for patients with uncomplicated AF, AF combined with cardiac insufficiency, and AF combined with rheumatic heart disease increased by 12, 12, and 40%, respectively. When the average PM2.5 concentration was >420 μg/m3, patients with AF combined with diabetes mellitus had a 75% increased risk of emergency room visits, which was the largest increase in risk among all types of patients with AF. When the average PM2.5 concentration was >390 μg/m3, patients with AF combined with acute coronary syndrome had an approximately 30% increased risk of emergency room visits, which was the highest and fastest increase in risk among all types of patients with AF. The risk of emergency room visits for patients with AF was positively correlated with air quality as the time lag proceeded, with an autocorrelation coefficient of 0.223 between the risk of emergency room visits and air quality in patients with AF on day 6 of the time lag.Conclusion: Exposure to certain concentrations of PM2.5 in a monsoon climate region significantly increased the risk of emergency room visits in patients with AF.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Air Quality on the Risk of Emergency Room Visits in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation

Liang

et al. 2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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“…Data from 2002 onward on daily concentrations of PM 10 , NO 2 , and SO 2 , together with meteorological data on temperature, relative humidity, and atmospheric pressure, were retrieved from the monitoring stations of the Environmental Protection and Prevention Agency of the Veneto Region. Children were linked to the data of the monitoring station nearest to their residence (with a maximum distance set at 20 km) ( 19 ). The distribution of pollutants in the Veneto region is highly homogeneous because of its particular morphological condition.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Pollution Relates to Airway Pathology in Children with Wheezing

Bonato¹,

Gallo

Bazzan³

et al. 2021

Annals ATS

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Rationale: Outdoor air pollution contributes to asthma development and exacerbations; yet, its effects on airway pathology have not been defined in children. Objective:To explore the possible link between air pollution and airway pathology, we examined retrospectively the relation between environmental pollutants and pathological changes in bronchial biopsies of children undergoing a clinically indicated bronchoscopy.Methods: Structural and inflammatory changes (Basement Membrane-BM thickness, epithelial loss, eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages, mast-cells, lymphocytes) were quantified in biopsies by immunohistochemistry. The association between exposure to PM10, SO 2 and NO 2 and biopsy findings was evaluated using a Generalized Additive Model with Gamma family to allow for overdispersion, adjusted for atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity and wheezing.Results: Overall, 98 children were included (age 5.3±2.9 yrs; 53 wheezing/ 45 non-wheezing).BM thickness increased with prolonged exposure to PM10 [Rate ratio RR 1.29; CI 1.09-1.52],particularly in wheezing children. Prolonged exposure to PM10 was also associated with eosinophilic inflammation in wheezing children [RR 3.16;]. Conversely, in nonwheezers, increased PM10 exposure was associated with a reduction of eosinophilic [RR 0.12;

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“…Daily levels of PM10, NO 2 and SO 2 were retrieved from the monitoring stations of the Environmental Protection and Prevention Agency of Veneto Region (ARPAV) ( 6 , 7 ). The concentrations of the pollutant the day of the bronchoscopy and the day before were collected.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Pollution Exposure Impairs Airway Epithelium IFN-β Expression in Pre-School Children

et al. 2021

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IntroductionAir pollution is a risk factor for respiratory infections and asthma exacerbations. We previously reported impaired Type-I and Type-III interferons (IFN-β/λ) from airway epithelial cells of preschool children with asthma and/or atopy. In this study we analyzed the association between rhinovirus-induced IFN-β/λ epithelial expression and acute exposure to the principal outdoor air pollutants in the same cohort.MethodsWe studied 34 children (17asthmatics/17non-asthmatics) undergoing fiberoptic bronchoscopy for clinical indications. Bronchial epithelial cells were harvested by brushing, cultured and experimentally infected with Rhinovirus Type 16 (RV16). RV16-induced IFN-β and λ expression was measured by quantitative real time PCR, as was RV16vRNA. The association between IFNs and the mean exposure to PM10, SO2 and NO2 in the day preceding bronchoscopy was evaluated using a Generalized Linear Model (GLM) with Gamma distribution.ResultsAcute exposure to PM10 and NO2 was negatively associated to RV16-induced IFNβ mRNA. For each increase of 1ug/m3 of NO2 we found a significative decrease of 2.3x103 IFN-β mRNA copies and for each increase of 1ug/m3 of PM10 a significative decrease of 1x103 IFN-β mRNA copies. No significant associations were detected between IFN-λ mRNA and NO2 nor PM10. Increasing levels of NO2 (but not PM10) were found to be associated to increased RV16 replication.ConclusionsShort-term exposure to high levels of NO2 and PM10 is associated to a reduced IFN-β expression by the airway epithelium, which may lead to increased viral replication. These findings suggest a potential mechanism underlying the link between air pollution, viral infections and asthma exacerbations.

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Daily Exposure to Air Pollution Particulate Matter Is Associated with Atrial Fibrillation in High-Risk Patients

Cited by 12 publications

References 31 publications

Effect of Air Quality on the Risk of Emergency Room Visits in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation

Effect of Air Quality on the Risk of Emergency Room Visits in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation

Air Pollution Relates to Airway Pathology in Children with Wheezing

Air Pollution Exposure Impairs Airway Epithelium IFN-β Expression in Pre-School Children

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