Daily Intake of Grape Powder Prevents the Progression of Kidney Disease in Obese Type 2 Diabetic ZSF1 Rats

Abstract

Individuals living with metabolic syndrome (MetS) such as diabetes and obesity are at high risk for developing chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study investigated the beneficial effect of whole grape powder (WGP) diet on MetS-associated CKD. Obese diabetic ZSF1 rats, a kidney disease model with MetS, were fed WGP (5%, w/w) diet for six months. Kidney disease was determined using blood and urine chemical analyses, and histology. When compared to Vehicle controls, WGP intake did not change the rat bodyweight, but lowered their kidney, liver and spleen weight, which were in parallel with the lower serum glucose and the higher albumin or albumin/globin ratio. More importantly, WGP intake improved the renal function as urination and proteinuria decreased, or it prevented kidney tissue damage in these diabetic rats. The renal protection of WGP diet was associated with up-regulation of antioxidants (Dhcr24, Gstk1, Prdx2, Sod2, Gpx1 and Gpx4) and downregulation of Txnip (for ROS production) in the kidneys. Furthermore, addition of grape extract reduced H2O2-induced cell death of cultured podocytes. In conclusion, daily intake of WGP reduces the progression of kidney disease in obese diabetic rats, suggesting a protective function of antioxidant-rich grape diet against CKD in the setting of MetS.

Peritoneal and Systemic Responses of Obese TypeIIDiabetic Rats to Chronic Exposure to a Hyperbranched Polyglycerol‐Based Dialysis Solution

“…The stained tissue sections were scanned with a Leica SCN400 Slide scanner (Leica Microsystems Inc., Concord, ON, Canada). Both the submesothelial thickness of the PM and glomerular injury of the kidney were quantitated using a Digital Image Hub – A slidepath Software Solution (Leica Microsystems, Inc.) in two separate tissue sections from each rat in a blinded fashion as described previously .…”

The Emerging Role of TXNIP in Ischemic and Cardiovascular Diseases; A Novel Marker and Therapeutic Target

“…TXNIP is also overexpressed in the context of diabetes. Data from the literature identify TXNIP as a potential target in diabetes complications such as diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, cardiomyopathy, and impaired post-ischemic revascularization [ 59 , 67 , 79 , 154 , 155 , 156 , 157 , 158 , 159 , 160 , 161 , 162 , 163 , 164 , 165 , 166 , 167 , 168 , 169 , 170 , 171 , 172 , 173 , 174 , 175 , 176 ]. In a rat model of diabetic cardiomyopathy, TXNIP deletion in cardiomyocytes induces an improved inotropic response to β-adrenergic stimulation [ 144 ].…”

Are Nutraceuticals Beneficial in Chronic Kidney Disease?

“…Phytosterols have been demonstrated to exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, while polyunsaturated fatty acids were found to have anti-inflammatory activity [ 34 , 35 ]. In turn, Almomen et al [ 36 ] analyzed the beneficial effect of whole grape powder (WGP) in rats with CKD associated with a metabolic syndrome. Their study demonstrated lower proteinuria and urination as well as the reduction of common features present in early stages of diabetes-related CKD, such as mesangial expansion, glomerular atrophy tubular injury, and protein cast formation in the WGP-fed rats.…”