Daily life moment-to-moment variation in coping in people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia: state within trait psychosis

Abstract

Introduction:Coping is a dynamic concept, associated with variability in stress and the individual's response. It was hypothesized that coping responses vary from moment to moment in daily life in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia. Methods: Patients diagnosed with schizophrenia (n = 25) were studied using the Experience Sampling Method to assess ongoing coping. Three subcategories of coping, social (interaction with environment), activity (behaviour to relief stress) and abuse (use of substances to deal with stress) were combined in a single coping variable expressed both dichotomously (present or not, representing frequency) and dimensionally (representing intensity). Results: The frequency of coping did not vary over the day with exception of abuse coping variance: 0.48; 95% CI 0.02-10.5). In contrast, the intensity of coping did vary during the day, except for abuse coping (coping combined variance = 0.05, 95% CI 0.01-0.20; social coping variance = 0.13, 95% CI 0.04-0.39; and activity coping variance = 0.10, 95% CI 0.02-0.51).

Clinical and theoretical relevance of responses to analogues of psychotic experiences in people with psychotic experiences with and without a need-for-care: an experimental study

“…Of note here are findings that maladaptive coping may be more stable and less context-dependent than adaptive coping and more strongly related to psychopathology (Aldao and Nolen-Hoeksema, 2010, 2012; Moritz et al ., 2016 a ). The tasks in the current study may therefore be better equipped to tap into more stable maladaptive response orientations with potential differences in adaptive responding better suited to context-bound in situ assessment, for example, through use of ESM (Bak et al ., 2012; Myin-Germeys et al ., 2018). Finally, only two items tapped adaptive responding (cognitive reappraisal and mindful responding) in contrast to six for maladaptive responding.…”