Daily lifestyle behaviors and risks of sarcopenia among older adults

Abstract

Background Lifestyle behaviors are modifiable factors that can provide information for designing intervention strategies for sarcopenia. The present study aimed to identify the relationships between a range of daily lifestyle behaviors and sarcopenia risks among older adults. Methods A nationwide telephone-based survey targeting older adults (≥65 years) was performed in Taiwan. Data based on self-reported daily lifestyle behaviors (food selection, physical activity, sitting time, and sleep duration), the presence or absence of sarcopenia (measured by SARC-F), and personal characteristics were obtained. Binary logistic regression models were applied. Results A total of 1068 older adults participated in this survey. In the adjusted model, older adults who selected unbalanced foods (odds ratio [OR] = 1.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12–3.34), engaged in insufficient physical activity (OR = 5.14, 95% CI = 3.04–8.70), and sat for longer periods of time (OR = 1.98, 95% CI = 1.09–3.59) were more likely to have higher risks of sarcopenia. No significant association was observed for sleep duration. Conclusions The results of this study highlight that, among health behaviors, an unbalanced food selection (six nutrients), not meeting physical activity recommendations (150 min/week), and a higher sitting time (≥7 h/day) were risk factors for sarcopenia among older adults. Intervention programs for sarcopenia prevention in older adults should focus on promoting balanced food selection, sufficient physical activity, and reduced sitting time.

Associated Factors of Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…The EWGSOP (n = 28) and AWGS (n = 24) criteria were the most commonly used in the studies included in the review. SARC-F was used to define sarcopenia in three studies [64,70,86], while the IWGS criteria were…”

“…The EWGSOP (n = 28) and AWGS (n = 24) criteria were the most commonly used in the studies included in the review. SARC-F was used to define sarcopenia in three studies [64,70,86], while the IWGS criteria were used in another study [55]. One study [22] applied more than one diagnostic criterion to define sarcopenia, including EWGSOP, AWGS, IWGS, and FNIH.…”

Impact of Malnutrition Status on Muscle Parameter Changes over a 5-Year Follow-Up of Community-Dwelling Older Adults from the SarcoPhAge Cohort

“…Interestingly, malnutrition seems to be related to muscle health decline and may contribute to the development of sarcopenia [ 14 , 15 , 16 ] and aggravate the age-associated loss of muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance [ 17 , 18 ]. In one of our previous studies using observations from the SarcoPhAge cohort, we found that malnourished older individuals had a more than three-fold higher risk of developing sarcopenia after four years of follow-up than older individuals who were not malnourished [ 19 ].…”

A Multifactorial Approach for Sarcopenia Assessment: A Literature Review

“…They concluded that as far as health behaviors were concerned, a poor diet (six nutrients), not getting enough physical activity (150 min/week), and prolonged sitting (≥7 h/day) may lead to sarcopenia in older adults. Interventions for the prevention of sarcopenia should aim to promote a balanced food selection, enough physical activity, and reducing sitting time in older adults [ 83 ]. The percentage of European middle-aged and older adults with probable sarcopenia ranged from 4.82% to 7.40% based on muscle strength, whereas the percentage of those with sarcopenia was minimal.…”