Daily protein-polyphenol ingestion increases daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates and promotes early muscle functional gains during resistance training

Abstract

Factors underpinning the time-course of resistance-type exercise training (RET) adaptations are not fully understood. The present study hypothesized that consuming a twice-daily protein-polyphenol beverage (PPB; n=15; age, 24 ± 1 years; BMI, 22.3 ± 0.7 kg·m-2) previously shown to accelerate recovery from muscle damage and increase daily myofibrillar protein synthesis (MyoPS) rates would accelerate early (10 sessions) improvements in muscle function and potentiate quadriceps volume and muscle fiber cross-sectional area (fCSA) following 30 unilateral RET sessions in healthy, recreationally active, adults. Versus isocaloric placebo (PLA; n=14; age, 25 ± 2 years; BMI, 23.9 ± 1.0 kg·m-2), PPB increased 48 h MyoPS rates after the first RET session measured using deuterated water (2.01 ± 0.15 %·d-1 vs. 1.51 ± 0.16 , respectively; P<0.05). Additionally, PPB increased isokinetic muscle function over 10 sessions of training relative to the untrained control leg (%U) from 99.9 ± 1.8 pre-training to 107.2 ± 2.4 %U at session 10 (versus 102.6 ± 3.9 to 100.8 ± 2.4 %U at session 10 in PLA; interaction P<0.05). Pre-to-post-training, PPB increased type II fCSA (PLA: 120.8 ± 8.2 to 109.5 ± 8.6 %U; PPB: 92.8 ± 6.2 to 108.4 ± 9.7 %U; interaction P<0.05), but the gain in quadriceps muscle volume was similar between groups. Similarly, PPB did not further increase peak isometric torque, muscle function or MyoPS measured post-training. This suggests that although PPB increases MyoPS and early adaptation, it may not influence longer term adaptations to unilateral RET.

Vegan and Omnivorous High Protein Diets Support Comparable Daily Myofibrillar Protein Synthesis Rates and Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy in Young Adults

“…Dietary protein intake and resistance exercise are the key drivers of skeletal muscle hypertrophy, achieved physiologically by additively stimulating MyoPS rates and thereby facilitating periods of positive net protein balance [ 1 , 2 , 50 ]. The summative impact of nutrition and resistance exercise has been shown in the hours after a bout of exercise [ 50 ], and recent data show that the magnitude of post-exercise daily MyoPS rates are predictive of the level of hypertrophy if training persists (once initial perturbations to novel training stimuli have been accounted for) [ 8 , 51 , 52 ]. Here we showed that high protein diets sustained relatively high daily, free-living MyoPS rates at the outset of training that were potentiated by approximately 11% with daily resistance exercise ( Figure 3 ).…”

Oral ketone monoester supplementation does not accelerate recovery of muscle force or modulate circulating cytokine concentrations after muscle‐damaging eccentric exercise in healthy males and females

“…During the 7‐day experimental period, participants received a fully controlled diet from the research team with energy requirements calculated as the basal metabolic rate (estimated via the Henry equations) (Henry, 2005 ) multiplied by an activity factor of 1.6 in order to maintain energy balance, as evidenced in our previous work (Jameson, Pavis, et al., 2021 ; Pavis et al., 2022 , 2021 ). Participants received all food products in individual packets and received step‐by‐step recipes.…”