Daily variation in performance measures related to anaerobic power and capacity: A systematic review

Ravindrakumar, Aishwarya; Bommasamudram, Tulasiram; Tod, David; Edwards, Ben; Chtourou, Hamdi; Pullinger, Samuel A.

doi:10.1080/07420528.2021.1994585

“…This finding implies that athletes may experience variations in their performance levels depending on the time of day when they engage in physical activities, with better performances recorded in the afternoon before the Ramadan period. Our results are in line with a recent meta-analysis [71] that demonstrated that late afternoon and early evening (between 04:00 p.m. and 07:30 p.m.) tend to be optimal times for short-term high-intensity physical performance due to numerous factors such as increased core body temperature [72], improved muscle function [73,74], increased hormone levels [74,75] and enhanced cognitive functions such as reaction times [76]. These factors can lead to better jumping abilities [5,77], agility [9,77], and repeated shuttles [5,9,77] during physical exercises in the afternoon for female handball players.…”

Section: Effect Of Time Of the Daysupporting

confidence: 93%

Ramadan Fasting and Short-Term Maximal Physical Performance: Searching for Optimal Timing of the Last Meal “Suhoor” in Female Pre-University Handball Players

Bougrine,

Salem,

Nasser

et al. 2023

EJIHPE

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Aiming to identify the ideal suhoor timing for maintaining optimal physical performance and health indicators during Ramadan intermittent fasting, the present study compares the effects of early vs. late Suhoor on short-term high-intensity physical exercise while controlling the body mass index (BMI) oral temperature (OT), dietary intake, and sleep patterns. In a randomized design, 19 female pre-university handball players (age: 16.8 ± 0.4 y; height: 1.70 ± 0.9 m; and body mass: 61.5 ± 6.9 kg) underwent two test sessions (at 08:00 a.m. and 05:00 p.m.) at four different conditions: ten days prior to Ramadan (R − 10), the final ten days of Ramadan (R) including both Early Suhoor R(ES) and Late Suhoor R(LS) conditions, and the ten days immediately following Ramadan (R + 10). A recovery period of at least 48 h has been set between successive test sessions at each period. Outcome measures included the Countermovement Jumps Test (CMJ), Modified Agility t-Test (MATT), Repeated Sprint Ability (RSA), and Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), OT, BMI, and daily diary intake were assessed across the three periods. The total scores of PSQI decreased significantly during R and R + 10 compared to R − 10. When performed in the afternoon, CMJ, MATT, and RSA performance decreased significantly at R(ES) and R(LS) conditions compared to R − 10. However, these performances decreased only after R(ES) when performed in the morning. Furthermore, performances were lower during R(ES) compared to R(LS) in the afternoon for all tests and the morning for MATT and RSA tests. These findings support prior research showing a deterioration of physical performance during Ramadan fasting and indicate a more pronounced impact following early Suhoor condition. Therefore, consuming a late suhoor, closer to pre-dawn time, could be suggested as an effective strategy to minimize physical performance decline during short-term high-intensity exercise.

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“…Similarly, anaerobic power (work per unit time), which is developed and assessed during maximal, short-term physical effort during exercise such as cycling, running, skiing, jumping, arm-cranking, and swimming (139,140), is greater in men compared with women (119,(141)(142)(143)(144)(145)(146)(147)(148). Anaerobic power reflects energy-output capacity of intramuscular high-energy phosphates (ATP and PCr) and/or anaerobic glycolysis and is highly associated with body size and the volume of muscle utilized (143,144).…”

Section: Muscular and Anaerobic Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biological Basis of Sex Differences in Athletic Performance: Consensus Statement for the American College of Sports Medicine

Hunter,

Angadi,

Bhargava

et al. 2023

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Biological sex is a primary determinant of athletic performance because of fundamental sex differences in anatomy and physiology dictated by sex chromosomes and sex hormones. Adult men are typically stronger, more powerful, and faster than women of similar age and training status. Thus, for athletic events and sports relying on endurance, muscle strength, speed, and power, males typically outperform females by 10%–30% depending on the requirements of the event. These sex differences in performance emerge with the onset of puberty and coincide with the increase in endogenous sex steroid hormones, in particular testosterone in males, which increases 30-fold by adulthood, but remains low in females. The primary goal of this consensus statement is to provide the latest scientific knowledge and mechanisms for the sex differences in athletic performance. This review highlights the differences in anatomy and physiology between males and females that are primary determinants of the sex differences in athletic performance and in response to exercise training, and the role of sex steroid hormones (particularly testosterone and estradiol). We also identify historical and nonphysiological factors that influence the sex differences in performance. Finally, we identify gaps in the knowledge of sex differences in athletic performance and the underlying mechanisms, providing substantial opportunities for high-impact studies. A major step toward closing the knowledge gap is to include more and equitable numbers of women to that of men in mechanistic studies that determine any of the sex differences in response to an acute bout of exercise, exercise training, and athletic performance.

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“…Similarly, anaerobic power (work per unit time), which is developed and assessed during maximal, short-term physical effort during exercise such as cycling, running, skiing, jump-ing, arm-cranking, and swimming (139,140), is greater in men compared with women (119,(141)(142)(143)(144)(145)(146)(147)(148). Anaerobic power reflects energy-output capacity of intramuscular high-energy phosphates (ATP and PCr) and/or anaerobic glycolysis and is highly associated with body size and the volume of muscle utilized (143,144).…”

Section: Primary Physiological Predictors Of Athletic Performance In ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biological Basis of Sex Differences in Athletic Performance: Consensus Statement for the American College of Sports Medicine

HUNTER,

S. ANGADI,

BHARGAVA

et al. 2023

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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Biological sex is a primary determinant of athletic performance because of fundamental sex differences in anatomy and physiology dictated by sex chromosomes and sex hormones. Adult men are typically stronger, more powerful, and faster than women of similar age and training status. Thus, for athletic events and sports relying on endurance, muscle strength, speed, and power, males typically outperform females by 10%–30% depending on the requirements of the event. These sex differences in performance emerge with the onset of puberty and coincide with the increase in endogenous sex steroid hormones, in particular testosterone in males, which increases 30-fold by adulthood, but remains low in females. The primary goal of this consensus statement is to provide the latest scientific knowledge and mechanisms for the sex differences in athletic performance. This review highlights the differences in anatomy and physiology between males and females that are primary determinants of the sex differences in athletic performance and in response to exercise training, and the role of sex steroid hormones (particularly testosterone and estradiol). We also identify historical and nonphysiological factors that influence the sex differences in performance. Finally, we identify gaps in the knowledge of sex differences in athletic performance and the underlying mechanisms, providing substantial opportunities for high-impact studies. A major step toward closing the knowledge gap is to include more and equitable numbers of women to that of men in mechanistic studies that determine any of the sex differences in response to an acute bout of exercise, exercise training, and athletic performance.

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Daily variation in performance measures related to anaerobic power and capacity: A systematic review

Cited by 14 publications

References 97 publications

Ramadan Fasting and Short-Term Maximal Physical Performance: Searching for Optimal Timing of the Last Meal “Suhoor” in Female Pre-University Handball Players

Ramadan Fasting and Short-Term Maximal Physical Performance: Searching for Optimal Timing of the Last Meal “Suhoor” in Female Pre-University Handball Players

The Biological Basis of Sex Differences in Athletic Performance: Consensus Statement for the American College of Sports Medicine

The Biological Basis of Sex Differences in Athletic Performance: Consensus Statement for the American College of Sports Medicine

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