Dairy Consumption and Insulin Resistance: The Role of Body Fat, Physical Activity, and Energy Intake

Abstract

The relationship between dairy consumption and insulin resistance was ascertained in 272 middle-aged, nondiabetic women using a cross-sectional design. Participants kept 7-day, weighed food records to report their diets, including dairy intake. Insulin resistance was assessed using the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA). The Bod Pod was used to measure body fat percentage, and accelerometry for 7 days was used to objectively index physical activity. Regression analysis was used to determine the extent to which mean HOMA levels differed across low, moderate, and high dairy intake categories. Results showed that women in the highest quartile of dairy consumption had significantly greater log-transformed HOMA values (0.41 ± 0.53) than those in the middle-two quartiles (0.22 ± 0.55) or the lowest quartile (0.19 ± 0.58) (F = 6.90, P = 0.0091). The association remained significant after controlling for each potential confounder individually and all covariates simultaneously. Adjusting for differences in energy intake weakened the relationship most, but the association remained significant. Of the 11 potential confounders, only protein intake differed significantly across the dairy categories, with those consuming high dairy also consuming more total protein than their counterparts. Apparently, high dairy intake is a significant predictor of insulin resistance in middle-aged, nondiabetic women.

Milk and Dairy Products and Their Impact on Carbohydrate Metabolism and Fertility—A Potential Role in the Diet of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

“…Lawlor et al [18], who investigated the association between milk consumption, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in 4024 British women, observed that women who had never drunk milk had lower HOMA-IR values and developed metabolic syndrome less frequently than women who regularly drank milk. Similarly, a study conducted by Tucker et al [19] showed that the values of HOMA-IR went up with increased milk consumption in the studied women. Factors such as age, body weight, adipose tissue amount or physical activity had no significant influence on the relationship between milk consumption and HOMA-IR values.…”

Role of Diet and Nutritional Supplements in Parkinson’s Disease Progression

“…Uric acid quenches peroxynitrite in the CNS, and low uric acid levels are associated with greater PD incidence and faster PD progression [ 20 ]. Diary consumption is associated with insulin resistance [ 21 ]. There is a growing body of evidence that PD and other neurodegenerative diseases are a form of “type III diabetes” [ 22 ].…”

“…Diary consumption is associated with insulin resistance [ 21 ]. There is a growing body of evidence that PD and other neurodegenerative diseases are a form of “type III diabetes” [ 22 ].…”

Dietary Protein Intake, Meat Consumption, and Dairy Consumption in the Year Preceding Pregnancy and During Pregnancy and Their Associations With the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study in Southwest China

“…For patients with hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes, hyperinsulinemia caused by consumption of dairy products may be beneficial or even protective for regulating blood glucose levels ( 52 ). However, long-term hyperinsulinemia from the consumption of dairy products may have adverse long-term effects on healthy individuals, including insulin resistance ( 53 ).…”