Dairy Diet Impacts on Fecal Chemical Properties and Nitrogen Cycling in Soils

Powell, J. M.; Wattiaux, M.A.; Broderick, G.A.; Moreira, V.R.; Casler, Michael D.

doi:10.2136/sssaj2005.0286

Cited by 50 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The reported values are similar to those reported in the literature (Sørensen et al, 2003;Powell et al, 2006;Wu and Powell, 2007;Shah et al, 2015). The only effect of diet on manure physicochemical parameters at the start of the study was the effect of dietary forage level on NDF and NFC (static pile treatment only).…”

Section: And N Dynamics During Manure Storagesupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Shah et al (2016) reported a NUE of 29% for stockpiled cattle manure stored for 5 months, which is similar to the NUE found in the present study. Powell et al (2006) reported N uptake from dairy manure ranging from 4 to 21% for oats, sorghum and sorghum ratoon. While Powell and Grabber (2009) reported dairy slurry N recoveries of 29 to 34% for spring applied slurry with corn.…”

Section: Plant Nutrient Utilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of diet and manure storage method on carbon and nitrogen dynamics during storage and plant nitrogen uptake

Niu

Appuhamy

Dungan

et al. 2017

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

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A B S T R A C TAltering dairy cattle diets to reduce both enteric methane (CH 4 ) production and nitrogen (N) excretion are valuable tools for mitigating the environmental impact of dairy production. We examined the impact of altering diets on changes in physicochemical properties of manure during storage and short term plant N availability. Manure collected from cattle fed diets with differing forage and crude protein (CP) content were stored via two methods (slurry and static pile) for 29 weeks and sampled at week 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 14, 19, 24, and 29. There was no effect of diet on C and N dynamics during storage for either storage treatment. Mass losses of total carbon (C) were 10% greater for the static pile manure treatment than the slurry (P < 0.01). Total N losses ranged from were approximately 46% with no treatment differences. The soil 2-week plant available N was 67% less in the static pile than the slurry treatment, while the short-term plant N use efficiency was similar for both the static pile and slurry treatments (22-24%). Due to the high inorganic N content of slurry following storage, greater care may be needed to ensure that environmental losses do not occur.

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Section: And N Dynamics During Manure Storagesupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Plant Nutrient Utilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of diet and manure storage method on carbon and nitrogen dynamics during storage and plant nitrogen uptake

Niu

Appuhamy

Dungan

et al. 2017

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

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show abstract

“…Urinary urea is rapidly converted to ammonia and nitrous oxide; whereas FN is comparatively stable to volatisation (30) , which give adequate time before it reaches to storage facilities for the treatment of manure. Again, an increased N content in faeces may increase the value of faeces as fertilisers by slowing down the release of N after application in the soil (31) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspects of nitrogen metabolism in sheep-fed mixed diets containing tree and shrub foliages

Patra

2009

Br J Nutr

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Data on N utilisation by sheep-fed diets containing foliages were analysed to develop prediction equations for N excretion in faeces (FN) and urine (UN), and to determine endogenous N excretion. Overall, 218 dietary treatments from forty-four publications were compiled in the database. This database was split into three subsets: without foliage in the diets (FL-0); foliage levels (FL) in between 0 and 310 g/kg (FL-L); FL in between 310 and 800 g/kg diets (FL-H) to study the effects of foliages on metabolic faecal N (MFN) and endogenous urinary N (EUN). Nitrogen intake (NI) as single independent factor was the best predictor of FN (R 2 0·75), UN (R 2 0·81) and total N excretion (R 2 0·86). Addition of dietary N concentration and FL for FN (R 2 0·82), dietary N concentration and foliage NI for UN (R 2 0·85), and FL and foliage NI for total N excretion (R 2 0·92) as supporting predictors to this relationship slightly increased R 2 values. The monomolecular and exponential models slightly improved the prediction of N excretion with NI as a predictor compared with the linear model. The excretion of MFN was greater for FL-H compared with FL-0, but was similar between FL-0 and FL-L, and FL-L and FL-H. However, EUN decreased in FL-H compared with FL-0 and FL-L, but was similar between FL-0 and FL-L. In conclusion, using NI as the primary predictor produced an accurate prediction of N excretion. Inclusion of foliages in the diets may shift N excretion from urine to faeces and increase the excretion of MFN and EUN. Tree foliage: Nitrogen metabolism: Prediction model: Endogenous nitrogen: SheepFoliages from trees and browses are the important feed resources for small ruminant production (1 -3) to enhancing the productivity of animals. Fodder trees are more particularly important in the arid and semi-arid regions because trees can survive harsh climatic conditions compared to grasses, and hence may be more reliable feed resources in these areas. These multipurpose tree foliages contain moderate levels of N, minerals and vitamins (1,2) , and have been suggested as a solution to feeding of ruminants in the tropical areas, especially as supplementary feeds to low-quality forages (3 -6) .Many models have been published, particularly in recent years, in an effort to reduce N excretion in the environment, to develop prediction equations for N excretion in faeces and urine and to increase the efficiency of utilisation of dietary N in dairy and beef cattle based on the dietary chemical composition (7 -11) , and sheep and goats based on blood urea N levels (12) . Although tree leaves contain moderate level of N, they also contain tannins and other secondary compounds that may influence intake and utilisation of nutrients. In particular, tannins bind dietary protein, which might affect N excretions and retention, thus affecting protein utilisation patterns. For instance, it has been proposed that foliages containing tannins could increase the excretion of metabolic faecal N (4) , and alter the N partitioning between faecal and uri...

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“…Moreover, manure R C : N is a major determinant of organic N mineralisation and thereby affect its fertiliser value. For instance, high R C : N has been shown to reduce the value of dairy manure as a N fertiliser (Powell et al 2006).…”

Section: Total Fresh Manure Output and The C : N Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of mathematical models to predict volume and nutrient composition of fresh manure from lactating Holstein cows

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Organic compounds in dairy manure undergo a series of reactions producing pollutants such as ammonia and methane. Because various organic compounds have different reaction rates, the emissions could be accurately determined if amounts and concentrations of individual nutrients in manure are known. A set of empirical models were developed for predicting faecal and urinary water, carbon (C), nitrogen (N), acid detergent fibre and neutral detergent fibre output (kg/day) from lactating Holstein cows. Dietary nutrient contents, milk yield and composition, bodyweight, age and days in milk were used with or without dry matter intake (DMI) as potential predictor variables. Multi-collinearity, goodness of fit, model complexity, and random study and animal effects were taken into account during model development, which used 742 measured faecal or urinary nutrient output observations (kg/day). The models were evaluated with an independent dataset (n = 364). When DMI was used as a predictor variable, the models predicted faecal and urinary nutrient outputs successfully with root mean square prediction error as a percentage of average observed values (RMSPE%) ranging from 9.1% to 20.7%. All the predictions except urine output had RMSPE% ranging from 18.3% to 24.6% when DMI was not used. The nutrient output predictions were in reasonable agreement with observed values throughout the data range (systematic bias <14% of total bias). Fresh manure C : N ratio predictions were acceptable (RMSPE% = 14.3-15.2%) although the systematic bias were notable (17.1-20.7% of total bias). The models could be integrated successfully with process-based manure or soil models to assess nutrient transformation in dairy production systems.

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Dairy Diet Impacts on Fecal Chemical Properties and Nitrogen Cycling in Soils

Cited by 50 publications

References 17 publications

Effects of diet and manure storage method on carbon and nitrogen dynamics during storage and plant nitrogen uptake

Effects of diet and manure storage method on carbon and nitrogen dynamics during storage and plant nitrogen uptake

Aspects of nitrogen metabolism in sheep-fed mixed diets containing tree and shrub foliages

Development of mathematical models to predict volume and nutrient composition of fresh manure from lactating Holstein cows

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