Dairy farming and dairy industry in Iran

Beldman, A.C.G.; Berkum, S. van; Kortstee, H.J.M.; Zijlstra, J.

doi:10.18174/417175

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…According to the FAOSTAT data ( http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/?#data/QA accessed 2020/10/08) the proportion of buffalo population in Iran respect to cattle species was 2.5%. A very similar data is reported by Beldman et al [ 5 ] who analyzed the dairy farming sector in Iran indicating a proportion of 3% of buffalo heads over the total population of cattle.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 85%

A genome-wide scan of copy number variants in three Iranian indigenous river buffaloes

et al. 2021

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Background In Iran, river buffalo is of great importance. It plays an important role in the economy of the Country, because its adaptation to harsh climate conditions and long productive lifespan permitting its farming across the Country and to convert low-quality feed into valuable milk. The genetic variability in Iranian buffalo breeds have been recently studied using SNPs genotyping data, but a whole genome Copy Number Variants (CNVs) mapping was not available. The aim of this study was to perform a genome wide CNV scan in 361 buffaloes of the three Iranian river breeds (Azeri, Khuzestani and Mazandarani) through the analysis of data obtained using the Axiom® Buffalo Genotyping Array 90 K. Results CNVs detection resulted in a total of 9550 CNVs and 302 CNVRs identified in at least 5% of samples within breed, covering around 1.97% of the buffalo genome. and A total of 22 CNVRs were identified in all breeds and a different proportion of regions were in common among the three populations. Within the more represented CNVRs (n = 302) mapped a total of 409 buffalo genes, some of which resulted associated with morphological, healthy, milk, meat and reproductive traits, according to Animal Genome Cattle database. Conclusions This work provides a step forward in the interpretation of genomic variation within and among the buffalo populations, releasing a first map of CNVs and providing insights about their recent selection and adaptation to environment. The presence of the set of genes and QTL traits harbored in the CNVRs could be possibly linked with the buffalo’s natural adaptive history together to a recent selection for milk used as primary food source from this species.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 85%

A genome-wide scan of copy number variants in three Iranian indigenous river buffaloes

et al. 2021

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“…Considering the high number of biofilm-producing strains, these results confirm that strains harbouring the icaADBC cluster [27], clfB, fnbB, clfA, and fnbA [70][71][72] are potential biofilm producers. In addition, the biofilm-associated protein (bap) plays an important role in the adherence of S. aureus and biofilm formation [73,74].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Dairy production is one of the main high-income sectors in the world [ 6 ]. In Iran, the dairy sector is one of the main traditional and economic activities, and milk production has increased to a level of about 9 billion kg of milk per year [ 27 ]. With the high demand, the sale of raw milk for direct consumption may have increased human exposure to zoonotic agents [ 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Resistance and Adherence Genes in Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Raw Cow Milk in Shahrekord, Iran

Pajohesh

Tajbakhsh

Momtaz

et al. 2022

International Journal of Microbiology

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The production of biofilms by S. aureus contributes significantly to treatment failures. The present study aims to establish the relationship between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance and adhesion genes in Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from raw cow milk in Shahrekord, Iran. A total of 90 samples of raw cow’s milk were collected. Presumptive S. aureus strains were obtained using Baird-Parker plates after enrichment in tryptone soy broth, and final colonies were selected from brain heart infusion. Additional tests such as coagulase were done, and the identification was confirmed by the detection of the aroA gene. Biofilm producing strains were screened using a spectrophotometry method applied to microplates. Crystal violet staining was used to quantify the formation of biofilm. An antibiotic susceptibility test was performed using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. PCR was used to detect several biofilm and antibiotics resistance related genes. The chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were used to establish a statistically significant relationship between biofilm reaction and antibiotic resistance ( p value <0.05). Results show a moderate (38.88%) recovery rate of S. aureus in milk and 65.71% of the isolates were strong biofilm producers. Antibiotic susceptibility tests show an alarming rate of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, especially penicillin (100%), ampicillin (91.42%), and oxacillin (71.42%). This finding correlates with antibiotic resistance gene detection, in which the gene blaZ was most found (71.42%), followed by mecA and Aac-D (42.85%). Detection of biofilm-related genes shows that all the genes targeted were found among S. aureus isolates. Statistical tests show a significant correlation between biofilm production and antibiotic resistance in S. aureus. This study revealed that there is a significant correlation between biofilm production and antibiotic resistance in S. aureus isolated from raw milk. These results highlight the need for regular surveillance of the occurrence of S. aureus strains in milk and milk products in Iran.

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“…Indeed, Arcobacters have been found in bulk milk tanks (Elmali & Can, 2017;Ertas et al, 2010), milking equipment, barn floors, inline filters in milking machinery and cheese (Giacometti et al, 2013(Giacometti et al, , 2015Serraino et al, 2013). In Iran, the dairy sector is one of the leading traditional sectors, and economic activities and milk production have increased to a level of about 9 billion kg of milk per year (Beldman et al, 2017). With the high demand, the sale of raw milk for direct consumption may have increased human exposure to zoonotic agents (Haran et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotyping, antibiotic resistance and prevalence of Arcobacter species in milk and dairy products

Lameei

Rahimi

Shakerian

et al. 2022

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background Arcobacter spp. has been considered an emerging foodborne pathogen and a hazard to human health. The dairy chain has been isolated from different sources; nevertheless, data on Arcobacter occurrence in raw milk and dairy products in Iran are still scant. Objective The present study investigates the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility and the presence of virulence genes of Arcobacters species isolated from milk and dairy products. Methods Then, a total of 350 raw milk samples and 400 dairy product samples were collected from dairy supply centers in Isfahan, Iran. Presumptive Arcobacter strains were obtained by enriching samples in Oxoid Arcobacter enrichment broth (AEB) followed by the filtration of enrichment product through 0.45‐μm pore size membrane filters laid onto non‐selective blood at 30°C under microaerophilic conditions. Molecular identification of Arcobacter cryaerophilus and A. butzleri was performed by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the 16S rRNA gene, followed by sequencing. The disc diffusion method was used to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates. Targeted resistance and virulence genes were detected using multiplex PCR. Results The results show a low recovery rate of Arcobacter spp. in milk. Arcobacters were found in all types of milk, except raw camel milk, but were absent from all dairy products. Arcobacter butzleri was the predominant species in raw milk. Detection of virulence genes shows that all virulence genes targeted were found among A. butzleri, and six (cadF, cj1349, irgA, mviN, pldA, tlyA) were found among A. cryaerophilus. All A. butzleri strains and some A. cryaerophilus strains isolated from milk were resistant to amoxicillin‐clavulanic acid and tetracycline. All A. cryaerophilus isolates from milk were susceptible to gentamycin, streptomycin, erythromycin and ciprofloxacin. The distribution of resistance genes in Arcobacter strains in milk shows that all isolates carried tet(O) and blaOXA‐61 genes. Conclusions In conclusion, the results indicate a low recovery rate of Arcobacter spp. in milk and milk products. However, a significant number of Arcobacter strains with putative virulence genes may be potential pathogens for humans and an overall increase in Arcobacter resistance to first‐line antibiotics. These results highlight the need for regular surveillance of Arcobacter strains in milk and milk products in Iran.

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Dairy farming and dairy industry in Iran

Cited by 13 publications

References 1 publication

A genome-wide scan of copy number variants in three Iranian indigenous river buffaloes

A genome-wide scan of copy number variants in three Iranian indigenous river buffaloes

Relationship between Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Resistance and Adherence Genes in Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Raw Cow Milk in Shahrekord, Iran

Genotyping, antibiotic resistance and prevalence of Arcobacter species in milk and dairy products

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