Dairy Food Intake Is Inversely Associated with Risk of Hypertension: The Singapore Chinese Health Study

Talaei, Mohammad; Pan, An; Yuan, Jian‐Min; Koh, Woon‐Puay

doi:10.3945/jn.116.238485

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Four prospective studies were included in the meta-analysis for consumption of whole grains ( 24 – 27 ), 3 studies for refined grains ( 25 – 27 ), 8 for vegetables (6 reports) ( 27 – 32 ), 7 for fruits (5 reports) ( 27 , 28 , 30 – 32 ), 4 for nuts ( 27 , 33 – 35 ), 6 for legumes (4 reports) ( 27 , 28 , 34 , 36 ), 1 for eggs ( 34 ), 9 for dairy products ( 27 , 37 – 44 ), 8 for fish (6 reports) ( 27 , 34 , 38 , 45 – 47 ), 7 for red meat (5 reports) ( 34 , 38 , 45 , 48 , 49 ), 5 for processed meat (3 reports) ( 45 , 48 , 49 ), and 5 for SSBs (3 reports) ( 27 , 50 , 51 ) ( Supplemental Tables 2–13 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Groups and Risk of Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies

Schwingshackl

Schwedhelm

Hoffmann

et al. 2017

Advances in Nutrition

285

246

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The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize the evidence on the relation of the intakes of 12 major food groups, including whole grains, refined grains, vegetables, fruits, nuts, legumes, eggs, dairy, fish, red meat, processed meat, and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) with the risk of hypertension. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched systematically until June 2017 for prospective studies having quantitatively investigated the above-mentioned foods. We conducted meta-analysis on the highest compared with the lowest intake categories and linear and nonlinear dose-response meta-analyses to analyze the association. Summary RRs and 95% CIs were estimated by using a random-effects model. Overall, 28 reports were included in the meta-analysis. An inverse association for the risk of hypertension was observed for 30 g whole grains/d (RR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.87, 0.98), 100 g fruits/d (RR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.96, 0.99), 28 g nuts/d (RR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.45, 1.08), and 200 g dairy/d (RR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.94, 0.97), whereas a positive association for 100 g red meat/d (RR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.28), 50 g processed meat/d (RR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.26), and 250 mL SSB/d (RR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.10) was seen in the linear dose-response meta-analysis. Indication for nonlinear relations of the intakes of whole grains, fruits, fish, and processed meats with the risk of hypertension was detected. In summary, this comprehensive dose-response meta-analysis of 28 reports identified optimal intakes of whole grains, fruits, nuts, legumes, dairy, red and processed meats, and SSBs related to the risk of hypertension. These findings need to be seen under the light of very-low to low quality of meta-evidence. However, the findings support the current dietary guidelines in the prevention of hypertension.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Groups and Risk of Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies

Schwingshackl

Schwedhelm

Hoffmann

et al. 2017

Advances in Nutrition

285

246

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The enquiry about history of these diseases was made by asking if the participant has been told by a physician that he/she had any of these diseases in separate questions. Using standard protocols, separate studies validated the accuracy of the self‐reported diabetes mellitus8 and hypertension9 in this cohort. The robustness and accuracy of the self‐reported diabetes mellitus data were validated in a separate study analyzing 1651 cohort participants who reported history of diabetes mellitus at either baseline or follow‐up 1 interview, and 98.9% were confirmed by medical records or telephone interview 8…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Association of “Elevated Blood Pressure” and “Stage 1 Hypertension” With Cardiovascular Mortality Among an Asian Population

Talaei

Hosseini

Koh

et al. 2018

JAHA

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BackgroundThe new American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association high blood pressure (BP) guidelines in the United States have lowered definition of hypertension by defining normal as systolic/diastolic BP <120/80 mm Hg; elevated BP as systolic between 120 and 129 mm Hg and diastolic <80 mm Hg; and stage 1 hypertension as systolic between 130 and 139 mm Hg or diastolic between 80 and 89 mm Hg.Methods and ResultsWe investigated the association between the new hypertension definition and cardiovascular disease mortality among Chinese in Singapore. We used data from 30 636 participants of a population‐based cohort, the SCHS (Singapore Chinese Health Study), who had BPs measured using a standard protocol at ages 46 to 85 years between 1994 and 2005. Information on lifestyle factors was collected at recruitment (1993–1998) and follow‐up 1 interviews (1999 and 2004). Mortality was identified via nationwide registry linkage up to December 31, 2016. Neither elevated BP (hazard ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.74–1.07) nor stage 1 hypertension (hazard ratio, 0.94; 95% confidence interval, 0.81–1.11) was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular mortality compared with normal BP in the whole cohort. Stage 1 hypertension was associated with increased cardiovascular risk only in those <65 years of age and without a history of cardiovascular disease (hazard ratio, 1.40; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.94), but not in those ≥65 years of age or with a history of cardiovascular disease.ConclusionsOur data suggest that the newly defined stage 1 hypertension may not be associated with increased cardiovascular mortality across all ages among Chinese in Singapore, but that the at‐risk subpopulation is limited to those <65 years of age and without a prior cardiovascular disease.

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“…63 Additionally, during a follow-up interview conducted within the Singapore Chinese Health Study, 88% of the subjects of a subgroup of 12,646 participants with self-reported physician-diagnosed hypertension also reported taking antihypertensive medications, thus indicating a reasonable validity of this self-reported diagnosis. 64 Fourth, we did not have any measure of kidney function at baseline and were unable to study the association in those with and without existing CKD separately. Finally, due to the nature of observational studies, causality should be made with caution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased body mass index is a risk factor for end-stage renal disease in the Chinese Singapore population

Lew

Jafar

Talaei

et al. 2017

Kidney International

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The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and end stage renal disease (ESRD) is confounded by co-morbidities associated with both conditions. Furthermore, the association at low range BMI is controversial. We studied this association in the Singapore Chinese Health Study, a population-based prospective cohort that recruited Singaporean Chinese men and women 45–74 years of age from 1993 to 1998. Self-reported weight, height, lifestyle factors, usual diet and medical history were collected via an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Incident ESRD cases were identified via record linkage with the nationwide ESRD registry. The computed Cox proportional hazard regression was adjusted for potential risk factors. After an average follow up of 15.5 years, 827 incident ESRD cases were identified. Compared with a normal BMI of 18.5 to under 23 kg/m2, the hazard ratios and (95% confidence intervals) of ESRD risk for BMIs under 18.5, 23 to under 27.5, and 27.5 kg/m2 or more were 0.54 (0.37–0.79), 1.40 (1.20–1.64) and 2.13 (1.74–2.59), respectively. This significantly trended, linear, dose-dependent association was only present among those with no history of diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease and stroke at baseline, but not significantly among those with any of these co-morbidities. Thus, BMI itself is a risk factor for ESRD in the general population and this association is present in those without preexisting diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease and stroke.

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Dairy Food Intake Is Inversely Associated with Risk of Hypertension: The Singapore Chinese Health Study

Abstract: Background: Epidemiological evidence from Western populations suggests that dairy food intake may reduce the risk of

Cited by 24 publications

References 30 publications

Food Groups and Risk of Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies

Food Groups and Risk of Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies

Association of “Elevated Blood Pressure” and “Stage 1 Hypertension” With Cardiovascular Mortality Among an Asian Population

Increased body mass index is a risk factor for end-stage renal disease in the Chinese Singapore population

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