Damage by large mammals to subsistence crops within a protected area in a montane forest of Bolivia

Pérez, Eddy; Pacheco, Luis F.

doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2005.12.005

Cited by 57 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Together with the factors suggested by the above researchers, this study observed that the size of the crop raiders was also important in crop damage. Perez and Pacheco (2006) noted that crop damage by frequent visitors did not cause the largest damage, but it was generally caused by the large-bodied species (Naughton-Trever 1998). This implies that the severity of crop damage may be more due to the wild boar and bear than chital and the birds.…”

Section: Nature and Pattern Of Crop Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, illegal livestock grazing inside the park and transaction of forest products causes this imbalanced relationship (Studsord & Wegg 1995, Tamang & Baral 2008, Shrestha 1994. Among all these issues, damage to crops, livestock, property and also human life because of wildlife interferences have been regarded as one of the severe problems faced by protected areas worldwide (Heinen 1993, Nyhus et al 2000, Perez & Pacheco 2006, Rao et al 2002, Weladji & Tchamba 2003. Park-people conflicts due to wildlife interference in the livelihood of communities often jeopardize the relationship between local communities and the protected area itself.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crop Protection and Its Effectiveness against Wildlife: A Case Study of Two Villages of Shivapuri National Park, Nepal

Pandey

Bajracharya

2016

Nepal Journal of Science and Technology

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A complex relationship between the residents and protected areas continue to be an obstacle to successful conservation of protected areas. Conflicts between park authority and people living around the park pose a threat to conservation. Moreover, crop depredation due to wildlife incurs a severe economic loss to communities living in the close vicinity of the park, affecting the livelihood and well-being of locals. Many studies have been carried out emphasizing the identification and quantification of crop damage, but studies highlighting the means used for the crop protection and their effectiveness are limited. This paper examines frequency of the crop damage by wildlife and efficacy of utilized management practices in Shivapuri National Park (SNP). Altogether 132 households were visited in two buffer zone villages namely, Sikre and Jhor Mahankhal of Shivapuri National Park, Nepal. The study suggested that crop depredation by wildlife was a function of several factors, namely, distance of the farmland from the park, size of the crop raiding animals, frequency of their attacks on the farmland, and the type of crops. Five different measures were identified by the communities which they regularly used to prevent crop damage. Both traditional as well as modern means were used by households to guard crops from invading wild animals. The means of crop protection from wildlife differed according to the type of animal and crop being protected. Biofencing and trenches were effective for the small animals. Watch tower "Machans" and throwing flaming sticks and making noises were the most effective and safest means of crop guarding from all kind of animals. Though crop guarding was intensive, no means were found to be able to prevent crop damage completely. Thus, site specific management strategies as well as technical and financial support from donor organizations would be most useful to minimize crop loss.

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Section: Nature and Pattern Of Crop Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop Protection and Its Effectiveness against Wildlife: A Case Study of Two Villages of Shivapuri National Park, Nepal

Pandey

Bajracharya

2016

Nepal Journal of Science and Technology

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“…Using tracks and fecal surveys at Sierra Tabasco, Mexico, Guzmán-Aguirre (2008) found that pacas prefer primary forest over secondary forests and fallows; he never found paca signs in croplands. In contrast, Pérez and Pacheco (2006) report frequent use of agricultural fields by pacas in a Bolivian Yungas Montane forest (1200-1600 m). The only study on habitat use in Bolivia was based on direct and indirect (tracks) observations at Parque Nacional Amboró.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Home range and habitat use by pacas in a montane tropical forest in Bolivia

2017

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We studied the home range and habitat use of paca (Cuniculus paca) in a rural agricultural community in the Alto Beni region, in La Paz department, Bolivia, where game meat is the main source of protein for a large portion of local inhabitants. We captured and radio collared five individual paca (4 females and 1 male), which were followed for six months in 2012 to estimate home range of the individuals and assess their habitat use and selection. The total mean home range (95% Minimum Convex Polygon) was 2.26 ha (SD = 0.80), and ranged from 1.5 to 2.96 ha. The mean female home range (2.04 ha) was smaller than the male´s (2.95 ha). Pacas used two (crops and fallows) of the three available habitats (secondary forest patches), and appeared to positively select crops over the other two. The importance of crops may be linked to the type of agriculture conducted in the area (i.e. mainly cacao in agroforestry systems), which may offer more food and shelter for pacas. Given that, the importance of habitats may change seasonally; this topic should be examined in future studies. Our results suggest that agroforestry systems may be important for the species since they offer a variety of food resources throughout the year. KEYWORDS: space use, radiotelemetry, Alto Beni, cacao, agroforestry Ámbito de hogar y uso de hábitat del jochi pintado en un bosque montano tropical de Bolivia RESUMENHemos estudiado el ámbito de hogar y uso de hábitat del jochi pintado (Cuniculus paca) en una comunidad de Alto Beni en el Norte de La Paz-Bolivia, donde la carne obtenida por cacería es, como en muchas regiones de la Amazonia, una fuente principal de proteína para muchas poblaciones indígenas y campesinas. Hemos capturado y seguido con radio-collar a cinco individuos (4 hembras y 1 macho) por seis meses en 2012. El ámbito de hogar promedio de los individuos fue de 2,26 ha (ds=0,80), usando el estimador Mínimo Polígono Convexo (MPC al 95%) y los valores se encuentran entre 1,5 a 2,96 ha. El ámbito de hogar promedio de las hembras fue más pequeño (2,04 ha) que del macho (2,95 ha). Los jochis estudiados usaron 2 (cultivos y barbechos) de los 3 hábitats disponibles (parches de bosque secundario), aunque los cultivos parecen ser seleccionados positivamente respecto a los otros dos. La importancia de los cultivos podría estar ligada al tipo de cultivo que se realiza en la zona (sistemas agroforestales), que podrían estar ofreciendo mejores condiciones para ser usados por los jochis. Adicionalmente, la importancia de los hábitats podría cambiar de acuerdo a la época del año, lo cual podría ser abordado en siguientes estudios. Este trabajo es el primero en dar detalles sobre la ecología de C. paca en vida silvestre en Bolivia; sin embargo sería necesario contar con más individuos para tener más detalle sobre la ecología espacial de esta especie. PALABRAS CLAVE: uso de hábitat, radiotelemetría, Alto Beni, cacao, agroforestería

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“…En Latinoamérica, existen pocos estudios cuantitativos sobre esta problemática, entre ellos podemos citar a Elías y valencia (1984), Morales (2003), Pérez y Pacheco (2006), Romero-Balderas, Naranjo, Morales, y Nigh (2006), que reportan pérdi-das entre 4 y 77% del cultivo. Las principales especies responsables de daños en cultivos agrícolas en zonas de bosque tropical son Dasyprocta sp., Cuniculus paca, Pecari tajacu, Tayassu pecari y Tapirus terrestris (NaugthonTreves, Mena, Treves, Álvarez, & Redloff, 2003;Pérez & Pacheco, 2006).…”

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“…Los comunarios consideraron como reducción aceptable una disminución de ~50%, en relación a las cuantificadas entre 2001 y 2002, que alcanzaron 6, 19, y 23% para maíz, yuca y walusa, respectivamente, o una pérdida global de 16% (Pérez & Pacheco, 2006); es decir, la pérdida global promedio debía sea inferior al 8%. De esta manera, este trabajo cubre los cuatros aspectos que integran el manejo de los daños por vida silvestre (verCauteren, Dolbeer, & Gese, 2012): definición del problema, ecología de las especies involucradas, aplicación de métodos de manejo y evaluación de los resultados.…”

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Mitigación de daños provocados por fauna silvestre en cultivos agrícolas en un bosque montano de Bolivia

Pérez

Pacheco

2014

RBT

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Wildlife damage mitigation in agricultural crops in a Bolivian montane forest. Wildlife is often blamed for causing damage to human activities, including agricultural practices and the result may be a conflict between human interests and species conservation. A formal assessment of the magnitude of damage is necessary to adequately conduct management practices and an assessment of the efficiency of different management practices is necessary to enable managers to mitigate the conflict with rural people. This study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of agricultural management practices and controlled hunting in reducing damage to subsistence annual crops at the Cotapata National Park and Natural Area of Integrated Management. The design included seven fields with modified agricultural practices, four fields subjected to control hunting, and five fields held as controls. We registered cultivar type, density, frequency of visiting species to the field, crops lost to wildlife, species responsible for damage, and crop biomass. Most frequent species in the fields were Dasyprocta punctata and Dasypus novemcinctus. Hunted plots were visited 1.6 times more frequently than agriculturally managed plots. Crop lost to wildlife averaged 7.28% at agriculturally managed plots, 4.59% in plots subjected to hunting, and 27.61% in control plots. Species mainly responsible for damage were Pecari tajacu, D. punctata, and Sapajus apella. We concluded that both management strategies were effective to reduce damage by >50% as compared to unmanaged crop plots. Rev. Biol. Trop. 62 (4): 1495-1507. Epub 2014 December 01.

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Damage by large mammals to subsistence crops within a protected area in a montane forest of Bolivia

Cited by 57 publications

References 13 publications

Crop Protection and Its Effectiveness against Wildlife: A Case Study of Two Villages of Shivapuri National Park, Nepal

Crop Protection and Its Effectiveness against Wildlife: A Case Study of Two Villages of Shivapuri National Park, Nepal

Home range and habitat use by pacas in a montane tropical forest in Bolivia

Mitigación de daños provocados por fauna silvestre en cultivos agrícolas en un bosque montano de Bolivia

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