Damage initiation and evolution during monotonic cooling of laminated composites

Abstract

The objective of this work is to develop a methodology to predict matrix damage initiation and evolution in laminated composites subjected to monotonic cooling using discrete damage mechanics and a careful characterization of the required temperature-dependent material properties. Since prediction of thermo-mechanical damage requires precise knowledge of the temperature-dependent properties of the material, back-calculation of fiber and matrix properties from different sources is included. The proposed methodology is flexible, in that it can be adapted to the availability of experimental data. A compilation of literature data is developed to estimate the properties of several fiber and matrix systems. Prediction of lamina and laminate temperature-dependent properties are compared with available data. Furthermore, temperature-dependent fracture toughness of four material systems are estimated from available crack density data. For the material systems studied, it is found that temperature-independent fracture toughness is satisfactory for prediction of damage initiation, evolution, and saturation.

Properties of cryogenic and low temperature composite materials – A review

“…1b) is shattered into several chunks due to its ductility and subsequent redistribution of load after local fibre failures. Poisson's ratio should become lower with decreasing temperature due to the increased stiffness of the resin [70], but several authors reported increased values at CT [45,55,59,60]. A possible explanation can be the difference in increase in longitudinal (𝐸 1 ) and transverse (𝐸 2 ) elastic modulus.…”

Process Systems Engineering Perspective on the Design of Materials and Molecules

“…The desire for materials with required properties has led to the development of a host of materials design techniques, − with analytical and materials characterization techniques being the workhorse of approaches in this field. However, as the need to account for properties and costs within the context of specific processes and applications increases, so does the use of systems techniques and computational approaches. − In this section, we, first, discuss materials for third-generation photovoltaic cells as an example of design of a final product.…”

Comparison of mixed mode fracture criteria in finite element analysis for matrix crack density estimation of laminated composites

“…The representative volume element (RVE) was established based on the idealised assumption to represent the damaged composite lamina with thin sub-lamina, [11][12][13] or laminates. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] The stiffness that was damaged due to the micro-cracks could be obtained using DDM, [14][15][16] FEA, [17][18][19] improved stress transfer mechanics, 20,21 or the equivalent constraint model (ECM) 22,23 that was developed by Zhang et al 24 The initiation and evolution of the matrix crack density in the composite laminates were then obtained by considering the microcracking fracture toughness while analysing the composite laminates under load. The concept of the microcracking fracture toughness was proposed by Nairn 25 and was fully discussed.…”