Damage on functional state of intestinal barrier by microgravity stress in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

Liu, Huanliang; Guo, Dongqin; Kong, Yan; Rui, Qi; Wang, Dayong

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109554

Cited by 44 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Caenorhabditis elegans exposed to s-µ g by applying an RCCS showed alterations in the intestines [ 91 ]: both internal lumen and permeability were altered due to oxidative stress, even though a number of related genes were globally upregulated. Overexpression of superoxide dismutase 2 ( SOD2 ), one of the genes in the intestines effectively protected the nematodes from µ g -induced oxidative stress damage to the intestines.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Knowledge about the Impact of Microgravity on Gene Regulation

Corydon

Schulz

Richter

et al. 2023

Cells

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Microgravity (µg) has a massive impact on the health of space explorers. Microgravity changes the proliferation, differentiation, and growth of cells. As crewed spaceflights into deep space are being planned along with the commercialization of space travelling, researchers have focused on gene regulation in cells and organisms exposed to real (r-) and simulated (s-) µg. In particular, cancer and metastasis research benefits from the findings obtained under µg conditions. Gene regulation is a key factor in a cell or an organism’s ability to sustain life and respond to environmental changes. It is a universal process to control the amount, location, and timing in which genes are expressed. In this review, we provide an overview of µg-induced changes in the numerous mechanisms involved in gene regulation, including regulatory proteins, microRNAs, and the chemical modification of DNA. In particular, we discuss the current knowledge about the impact of microgravity on gene regulation in different types of bacteria, protists, fungi, animals, humans, and cells with a focus on the brain, eye, endothelium, immune system, cartilage, muscle, bone, and various cancers as well as recent findings in plants. Importantly, the obtained data clearly imply that µg experiments can support translational medicine on Earth.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Knowledge about the Impact of Microgravity on Gene Regulation

Corydon

Schulz

Richter

et al. 2023

Cells

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“…We performed the simulated microgravity treatment basically as described 49 . A soft and movable 0.2% agar medium was prepared for suspending animals in the assay chamber.…”

Section: Simulated Microgravity Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

microRNAs involved in the control of toxicity on locomotion behavior induced by simulated microgravity stress in Caenorhabditis elegans

Sun

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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microRNAs (miRNAs) post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of targeted genes. We here systematically identify miRNAs in response to simulated microgravity based on both expressions and functional analysis in Caenorhabditis elegans. After simulated microgravity treatment, we observed that 19 miRNAs (16 down-regulated and 3 up-regulated) were dysregulated. Among these dysregulated miRNAs, let-7, mir-54, mir-67, mir-85, mir-252, mir-354, mir-789, mir-2208, and mir-5592 were required for the toxicity induction of simulated microgravity in suppressing locomotion behavior. In nematodes, alteration in expressions of let-7, mir-67, mir-85, mir-252, mir-354, mir-789, mir-2208, and mir-5592 mediated a protective response to simulated microgravity, whereas alteration in mir-54 expression mediated the toxicity induction of simulated microgravity. Moreover, among these candidate miRNAs, let-7 regulated the toxicity of simulated microgravity by targeting and suppressing SKN-1/Nrf protein. In the intestine, a signaling cascade of SKN-1/Nrf-GST-4/GST-5/GST-7 required for the control of oxidative stress was identified to act downstream of let-7 to regulate the toxicity of simulated microgravity. Our data demonstrated the crucial function of miRNAs in regulating the toxicity of simulated microgravity stress in organisms. Moreover, our results further provided an important molecular basis for epigenetic control of toxicity of simulated microgravity.

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“…Additionally, C. elegans exhibits enhanced sensitivity to various environmental toxicants or stresses, which makes it a successful model in toxicological evaluation and signaling studies. Some beneficial sublethal endpoints, (e.g., locomotion behavior, brood size, oxidative stress, and intestine permeability) were evaluated as indicators of the potential toxicity of multiple toxicants [ 6 , 23 , 24 ]. In nematodes, prolonged single-exposure to micro- or nanoplastics particles can both cause neurotoxicity and reproductive toxicity [ 11 , 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Effects of Micro- and Nanoplastics at the Predicted Environmental Concentration on Functional State of Intestinal Barrier in Caenorhabditis elegans

Tan

Shi

et al. 2023

Toxics

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The possible toxicity caused by nanoplastics or microplastics on organisms has been extensively studied. However, the unavoidably combined effects of nanoplastics and microplastics on organisms, particularly intestinal toxicity, are rarely clear. Here, we employed Caenorhabditis elegans to investigate the combined effects of PS-50 (50 nm nanopolystyrene) and PS-500 (500 nm micropolystyrene) at environmentally relevant concentrations on the functional state of the intestinal barrier. Environmentally, after long-term treatment (4.5 days), coexposure to PS-50 (10 and 15 μg/L) and PS-500 (1 μg/L) resulted in more severe formation of toxicity in decreasing locomotion behavior, in inhibiting brood size, in inducing intestinal ROS production, and in inducting intestinal autofluorescence production, compared with single-exposure to PS-50 (10 and 15 μg/L) or PS-500 (1 μg/L). Additionally, coexposure to PS-50 (15 μg/L) and PS-500 (1 μg/L) remarkably caused an enhancement in intestinal permeability, but no detectable abnormality of intestinal morphology was observed in wild-type nematodes. Lastly, the downregulation of acs-22 or erm-1 expression and the upregulation expressions of genes required for controlling oxidative stress (sod-2, sod-3, isp-1, clk-1, gas-1, and ctl-3) served as a molecular basis to strongly explain the formation of intestinal toxicity caused by coexposure to PS-50 (15 μg/L) and PS-500 (1 μg/L). Our results suggested that combined exposure to microplastics and nanoplastics at the predicted environmental concentration causes intestinal toxicity by affecting the functional state of the intestinal barrier in organisms.

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Damage on functional state of intestinal barrier by microgravity stress in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

Cited by 44 publications

References 39 publications

Current Knowledge about the Impact of Microgravity on Gene Regulation

Current Knowledge about the Impact of Microgravity on Gene Regulation

microRNAs involved in the control of toxicity on locomotion behavior induced by simulated microgravity stress in Caenorhabditis elegans

Combined Effects of Micro- and Nanoplastics at the Predicted Environmental Concentration on Functional State of Intestinal Barrier in Caenorhabditis elegans

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