Damage to foliage of coniferous woody plants.

Matsiakh, Iryna; Avtzis, Dimitrios Ν.; Adamson, Kalev; Augustin, Sylvie; Beram, Refika Ceyda; Cech, T. L.; Drenkhan, Rein; Kirichenko, Natalia; Maresi, G.; Morales‐Rodríguez, Carmen; Poljaković-Pajnik, Leopold; Roques, Alain; Talgø, Venche; Vettraino, A. M.; Witzell, Jesper

doi:10.1079/9781786394415.0167

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, there can be a lag of several months between infection and symptom expression for all of these species [40], making visual inspection an even less reliable approach for surveillance [29]. DNB symptoms may also be confused with abiotic damage and with damage caused by a number of needle sap-sucker and needle mining insects, such as the red-black pine bug Haematoloma dorsatum (Ahrens), widely distributed in Europe [41,42], Ocoaxo (Fennah) spittlebug species associated with pine forests in Mexico [43] and the Eurasian weevil beetle Brachonyx pineti (Paykull) [44]. DNAbased diagnostic methods are a more accurate alternative, especially because they allow for the species-specific detection of the pathogens even during the latent phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Detection of Pine Pathogens Lecanosticta acicola, Dothistroma pini and D. septosporum on Needles by Probe-Based LAMP Assays

Aglietti

Meinecke

Ghelardini

et al. 2021

Forests

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Needle blights are serious needle fungal diseases affecting pines both in natural and productive forests. Among needle blight agents, the ascomycetes Lecanosticta acicola, Dothistroma pini and D. septosporum are of particular concern. These pathogens need specific, fast and accurate diagnostics since they are regulated species in many countries and may require differential management measures. Due to the similarities in fungal morphology and the symptoms they elicit, these species are hard to distinguish using morphological characteristics. The symptoms can also be confused with those caused by insects or abiotic agents. DNA-based detection is therefore recommended. However, the specific PCR assays that have been produced to date for the differential diagnosis of these pathogens can be applied only in a well-furnished laboratory and the procedure takes a relatively long execution time. Surveillance and forest protection would benefit from a faster diagnostic method, such as a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay, which requires less sophisticated equipment and can also be deployed directly on-site using portable devices. LAMP assays for the rapid and early detection of L. acicola, D. pini and D. septosporum were developed in this work. Species-specific LAMP primers and fluorescent assimilating probes were designed for each assay, targeting the beta tubulin (β-tub2) gene for the two Dothistroma species and the elongation factor (EF-1α) region for L. acicola. Each reaction detected its respective pathogen rapidly and with high specificity and sensitivity in DNA extracts from both pure fungal cultures and directly from infected pine needles. These qualities and the compatibility with inexpensive portable instrumentation position these LAMP assays as an effective method for routine phytosanitary control of plant material in real time, and they could profitably assist the management of L. acicola, D. pini and D. septosporum.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Detection of Pine Pathogens Lecanosticta acicola, Dothistroma pini and D. septosporum on Needles by Probe-Based LAMP Assays

Aglietti

Meinecke

Ghelardini

et al. 2021

Forests

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“…Adult M. testaceipes feed on conifer leaves (needles) and tender stems (Kureha et al, 1966;Matsiakh et al, 2017).…”

Section: Host Range/species Affectedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detection Symptoms of infestation are damaged conifer needles. The edges of needles are nibbled and can be cut short (Matsiakh et al, 2017). Hosts showing symptoms can be visually inspected for adults in the foliage.…”

Section: Detection and Identification Of The Pestmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adult M. testaceipes feed on conifer leaves (needles) and tender stems (Kureha et al., 1966 ; Matsiakh et al., 2017 ). When literature refers to species of conifer that are damaged, it is usually Cryptomeria japonica (Japanese cedar), Chamaecyparis obtusa (Japanese cypress) and Larix leptolepis (Japanese larch) that are mentioned.…”

Section: Pest Categorisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hosts showing symptoms can be visually inspected for adults in the foliage. A beating tray can be placed under branches to catch fallen adults (Matsiakh et al., 2017 ). Adults are attracted to black light (365–370 nm) (Torikura, 1992a ) and blue fluorescent lights (430–450 nm) when they fly at dusk (Komatsu et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Pest Categorisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pest categorisation of Mimela testaceipes

Bragard,

Baptista,

Chatzivassiliou

et al. 2023

EFS2

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The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of Mimela testaceipes (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), the striated chafer, for the EU, following a commodity risk assessment of dwarfed Pinus parviflora grafted onto P. thunbergii from China in which M. testaceipes was identified as a pest of possible concern to the EU. M. testaceipes occurs in Japan, northeast China, Far East Russia, South Korea and very likely North Korea. Adults are recognised pests feeding on and damaging the needles of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica), Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) and Japanese larch (Larix leptolepis) which are important forestry trees where the pest currently occurs. It has adapted to feed on the needles of Pinus species introduced into its native area, such as P. taeda, which is native to southeastern USA although M. testaceipes is not regarded as a significant pest of pines. Larvae are reported to cause root damage to grasses, as well as conifers. Eggs are usually laid in grassy soils by females that develop on conifer species. Larvae develop in the soil feeding on the roots of grasses or conifer hosts. Larvae overwinter in the soil and take 2 or 3 years to develop. In principle soil, host plants for planting and cut branches with foliage could provide pathways into the EU. However, prohibitions on the import of soil and hosts such as Chamaecyparis, Larix and Pinus regulate such pathways into the EU. Nevertheless, certain dwarfed Pinus spp. from Japan are provided with a derogation for entry into the EU. In addition, the host C. japonica is unregulated and could also provide a pathway. Hosts occur in the EU in climate zones that match those where M. testaceipes occurs in Asia. If M. testaceipes were to enter the EU, conditions in central and northern EU are conducive to establishment. Following establishment, impacts on Japanese cedar, Japanese cypress and Japanese larch would be expected; it is possible that M. testaceipes could adapt to feed on Pinus and Larix species growing in Europe. M. testaceipes satisfies the criteria that are within the remit of EFSA to assess for it to be regarded as a potential Union quarantine pest. K E Y W O R D Sforestry, pest risk, plant health, plant pest, quarantine, root feeding, striated chafer 2 of 18 |

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Damage to foliage of coniferous woody plants.

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Rapid Detection of Pine Pathogens Lecanosticta acicola, Dothistroma pini and D. septosporum on Needles by Probe-Based LAMP Assays

Rapid Detection of Pine Pathogens Lecanosticta acicola, Dothistroma pini and D. septosporum on Needles by Probe-Based LAMP Assays

Pest categorisation of Mimela testaceipes

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