Damage to saplings by red deer (Cervus elaphus): effect of foliage height and structure

Renaud, Pierre‐Cyril; Verheyden-Tixier, Hélène; Dumont, Bertrand

doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(03)00126-9

Cited by 79 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Browsing generally affects trees at the intermediate level between the ground and the full reach of the deer species (Gill 1992). The browsing range noted in the present study is consistent with that reported by other authors (Palmer Eur J Forest Res (2017) 136:787-800 797 and Truscott 2003; Renaud et al 2003). However, we were unable to reject or confirm Prediction 3.1.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…We predicted (P 3.1) that in a young plantation, deer will be relatively less selective in terms of tree height than in older plantations where trees will be selected at an optimal height range. Renaud et al (2003) demonstrated in a cafeteria test that tamed red deer with a shoulder height of 80-105 cm selected willow bunches positioned at a height of 85-115 cm. We also predicted (P 3.2) that deer will be more selective in the case of higher oak tree density since high tree availability will enable them to feed on preferred height classes, while low tree availability will not ensure them such a possibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Young conifer stands form a deer browsing refuge for an oak admixture: silvicultural implications for forest regeneration under herbivore pressure

Borkowski

Dobrowolska

Dąbrowski³

et al. 2017

Eur J Forest Res

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There is little knowledge how ungulate pressure on forest regeneration may be mitigated by silvicultural methods. The knowledge is especially needed for artificially regenerated, deciduous tree species. We studied factors affecting browsing incidence by deer in the Pisz Forest District in Poland, an area where 10,000 ha of forest was damaged by a 2002 hurricane. In 2006, we established three experimental plots (in total, 22.6 ha), in which the main species was Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) admixed with pedunculate oak (Quercus robur). The data on browsing were collected in 2008-2015. In general, oak browsing incidence was unrelated to oak planting density. On a plantation scale, it was significantly affected by the pine age. Although in each variant all the oaks were browsed for four consecutive years (2009)(2010)(2011)(2012), in 2013 browsing incidence began to decrease. When the pines grew higher and formed a physical barrier, it was harder for deer-roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), red deer (Cervus elaphus) and moose (Alces alces)-to move through and locate the oaks. Moreover, within plantations, oak browsing incidence was higher in the patches with shorter pines.Browsing of individual saplings or small groups of saplings was also negatively affected by the height of neighbouring pine saplings. Oak density influenced deer selectivity depending on the tree height. In a low oak tree density, browsing incidence was unrelated to oak height, while in higher tree density, deer selected oaks of the height between 40 and 100 cm. We postulate that deciduous admixture in a coniferous (unattractive) stand can be planted with a few year delay. Older coniferous trees should impede locating of attractive tree species by deer and the browsing incidence.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Young conifer stands form a deer browsing refuge for an oak admixture: silvicultural implications for forest regeneration under herbivore pressure

Borkowski

Dobrowolska

Dąbrowski³

et al. 2017

Eur J Forest Res

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“…Pellet groups were aged by color and position in relation to litter and old vegetation (Må nsson and Jarnemo 2013). (Renaud et al 2003. The field layer forage index consisted of the sum of the cover by field layer species such as bilberry, lingonberry, and heather irrespective of height.…”

Section: Pellet Group Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing landscapes for multiple objectives: alternative forage can reduce the conflict between deer and forestry

Jarnemo¹,

Minderman²,

Zidar³

et al. 2014

Ecosphere

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Abstract. Deer (Cervidae) cause considerable damage to forest plantations, crops, and protected habitats.The most common response to this damage is to implement strategies to lower population densities. However, lowering deer density may not always be desirable from hunting, recreational, or conservation perspectives. Therefore, knowledge is needed about additional factors beyond deer density that affect damage levels, and management actions that consider competing management goals. We studied the relationships between levels of bark-stripping by red deer (Cervus elaphus) on Norway spruce (Picea abies) and (1) relative deer density indices (pellet group count and deer harvest data), (2) availability of alternative natural forage (cover of forage species) and (3) proportion forest in the landscape, both at a forest stand scale and at a landscape scale. Extensive variation in damage level was evident between the six study areas. On a stand scale, the proportion of spruce damaged was positively related to pellet group density, indicating the importance of local deer usage of stands. In addition, available alternative forage in the field layer within spruce stands and proportion forest surrounding stands was negatively related to damage level. On the landscape scale, damage level was negatively related to availability of forage in the field and shrub layers and proportion forest, but was not related to any of the relative deer density indices. Increasing alternative forage may thus decrease damage and thereby reduce conflicts. Additionally, the proportion of forest in the landscape affects damage levels and should thus be considered in landscape planning and when forecasting damage risk. The relationship between local deer usage of stands and damage level suggests that future studies should try to separate the effects of local deer usage and deer density.

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“…Für Rotwild konnten Renaud et al (2003) eine enge Beziehung zwischen der Schulterhöhe der Tiere und der bevorzugten Verbisshöhe feststellen. Demnach findet Rotwildverbiss besonders häufig in einer Höhe zwischen 85 und 115 cm statt (Renaud et al 2003, Abb.…”

Section: Seltenheit Der Baumartenunclassified

Der Wald-Wild-Konflikt

Ammer¹,

Vor²,

Knoke³

et al. 2010

Göttinger Forstwissenschaften

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Damage to saplings by red deer (Cervus elaphus): effect of foliage height and structure

Cited by 79 publications

References 17 publications

Young conifer stands form a deer browsing refuge for an oak admixture: silvicultural implications for forest regeneration under herbivore pressure

Young conifer stands form a deer browsing refuge for an oak admixture: silvicultural implications for forest regeneration under herbivore pressure

Managing landscapes for multiple objectives: alternative forage can reduce the conflict between deer and forestry

Der Wald-Wild-Konflikt

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