A probabilistic method is developed for the fatigue reliability analysis of gas turbine engine components under scheduled inspection maintenance in service. Various statistical uncertainties involved in the complex design system of gas turbine engine components have been taken into account, including the time to crack initiation, fatigue crack propagation, service loads, crack modeling, crack geometry, nondestructive evaluation (NDE), etc. It is demonstrated that the service inspection maintenance can be used to improve the reliability of fatiguecritical components significantly. Such an improvement in fatigue reliability is shown to depend on the capability of the NDE system employed. An example for the third-stage turbine disk of a TF-33 jet engine has been worked out to demonstrate the application of the analysis methodology developed.