Damaging Effects of Toothbrush Bristle End Form on Gingiva

J, Breitenmoser; Mörmann, Werner; Mühlemann, H

doi:10.1902/jop.1979.50.4.212

Cited by 73 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…T he exposure of root surfaces by gingival recession may be due to several etiologic factors, including periodontal disease, 1,2 mechanical forces such as faulty toothbrushing, 3 iatrogenic factors like orthodontic movement, 4,5 faulty restorations, 6 and anatomical factors such as tooth malposition and frenum pull. 7,8 Gingival recession seldom results in tooth loss.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Root Coverage and Pocket Reduction as Combined Surgical Procedures

Hirsch

Attal

Chai

et al. 2001

Journal of Periodontology

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Root Coverage and Pocket Reduction as Combined Surgical Procedures

Hirsch

Attal

Chai

et al. 2001

Journal of Periodontology

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“…It is known that generic bristled tooth brushes can induce gingival abrasion [24], especially if the bristles are hard and not rounded [25,26]. This may occur even in those who use little force while brushing [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Bristle-Less Tooth Brush Reduces Recession Risk Over One Year Compared to a Conventional Soft Manual Brush

Boehm¹,

Kim²,

Chui³

et al. 2017

J Oral Hyg Health

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Background: Aggressive tooth brushing can contribute to gingival recession, and we tested in a randomized clinical trial if use of a bristle-less tooth brush results in less recession compared to using a conventional soft brush. Methods:We recruited 23 subjects with gingival recession who received regular periodontal maintenance care at Western University of Health Sciences Dental Center, and who did not exhibit signs of acute dental and systemic disease, occlusal discrepancies and para-functional habits. We randomly assigned these subjects to two groups, one using a soft nylon-bristled tooth brush, and the other group using the experimental tooth brush that contains a brush head with short, soft, rubbery cones. Both groups received regular periodontal maintenance and periodontal exams by blinded examiners every 3-4 months measuring probing depth, bleeding on probing, plaque indices. Tooth brush use was monitored by phone follow-up and measuring tooth brush wear of the tooth brushes assigned to subjects. Gingival recession was assessed clinically and through use of a stent on diagnostic casts obtained at each visit.Results: Average probing depths, plaque levels, and the number of sites with bleeding on probing did not change over one year. Subjects were compliant with tooth brush use as tooth brushes showed consistent wear patterns, but with much less tooth brush damage in the bristle-less brushes. There was a small, but statistically significant improvement of gingival recession (0.4 mm, p<0.01) at sites with gingival recession in the experimental tooth brush group compared to the control group and compared to baseline gingival level. Conclusion:A bristle-less brush appears to be more suitable in preventing additional gingival recession in patients with a history of aggressive tooth brushing.

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“…7,8 The literature has shown that brushes with medium and stiff bristles remove more plaque than soft brushes, although they cause greater gingival abrasion. 9, 10,11,12,13 In addition, medium-hard toothbrushes were found to be a significant risk factor for the incidence of gingival fissures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,15,16 Soft brushes with tapered or conical filaments were recently introduced. The diameter of the body of these filaments is similar to that of the filaments of a conventional soft brush, but the diameter of the filament tip is significantly smaller.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined effect of end-rounded versus tapered bristles and a dentifrice on plaque removal and gingival abrasion

et al. 2016

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Combined effect of end-rounded versus tapered bristles and a dentifrice on plaque removal and gingival abrasion Abstract: Two previous clinical studies evaluated the effect of end-rounded versus tapered bristles of soft manual brushes on the removal of plaque and gingival abrasion. However, the combined effect of an abrasive dentifrice on these outcomes has yet to be understood. The purpose of the present study was to compare the incidence of gingival abrasion and the degree of plaque removal obtained after the use of toothbrushes with tapered or end-rounded bristles in the presence or absence of an abrasive dentifrice. The study involved a randomized, single-blind, crossover model (n = 39) with a split-mouth design. Subjects were instructed to refrain from performing oral hygiene procedures for 72 hours. Quadrants were randomized and subjects brushed with both types of toothbrushes using a dentifrice (relative dentin abrasion = ± 160). Plaque and gingival abrasion were assessed before and after brushing. After 7 days, the experiment was repeated without the dentifrice. The average reduction in plaque scores and the average increase in the number of abrasion sites were assessed by repeated-measures ANOVA and Bonferroni's post-hoc tests. End-rounded bristles removed significantly more plaque than tapered bristles, regardless of the use of a dentifrice. The dentifrice did not improve plaque removal. In the marginal area (cervical free gingiva), no difference in the incidence of gingival abrasion was detected between toothbrush types when used with a dentifrice (p ≥ 0.05). However, the dentifrice increased the incidence of abrasion (p < 0.001), irrespective of the toothbrush type tested. End-rounded bristles therefore removed plaque more effectively without causing a higher incidence of gingival abrasion when compared with tapered bristles. An abrasive dentifrice can increase the incidence of abrasion, and should be used with caution by individuals who are at risk of developing gingival recession.

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Damaging Effects of Toothbrush Bristle End Form on Gingiva

Cited by 73 publications

References 6 publications

Root Coverage and Pocket Reduction as Combined Surgical Procedures

Root Coverage and Pocket Reduction as Combined Surgical Procedures

A Bristle-Less Tooth Brush Reduces Recession Risk Over One Year Compared to a Conventional Soft Manual Brush

Combined effect of end-rounded versus tapered bristles and a dentifrice on plaque removal and gingival abrasion

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