Danish Experiences in Biomass Corrosion and Recent Areas of Research

Abstract

In Denmark, biomass has been implemented in the majority of power plants either by firing biomass alone or co-firing of biomass and fossil fuels/additives. This has resulted in an accumulation of experience over the past two decades both from corrosion testing and also the assessment of failures which has given understanding with respect to alloy selection and corrosion rates at various temperatures. Many laboratory investigations focusing on specific aspects of corrosion in controlled atmospheres have also been undertaken to give improved understanding of corrosion mechanisms. However, there are still areas where further investigations are underway, with respect to both laboratory and field testing. The present focus areas of research include: a) Use of coatings in biomass power plants where the coatings perform differently in different biomass plants depending on fuel mix and temperature b) Importance of understanding the microstructure of component materials and how microstructure evolution with time and temperature can influence corrosion. This paper will recap past experience and highlight some of the results from the new research. Based on the brief review of research in the field, and the research described in detail in this paper, critical unresolved issues and a way forward for the industry is presented.

Degradation of Components After Exposure in a Biomass Pyrolysis System

“…Linked efforts of in situ plant exposures and laboratory simulation studies have succeeded in providing new insights into corrosion mechanisms in biomass-fired power plants. 28…”

Corrosion Behavior of High-Cr–Ni Materials in Biomass Incineration Atmospheres

“…Moreover, the conversion of domestic waste to biomass incineration will produce different degrees of HCl gas-phase corrosion. At present, the corrosion problem has become a major obstacle to the conversion and utilization of biomass into energy. − In the high-temperature combustion state of biomass, the corrosion resistance of metals is particularly prominent as an environmental adaptation, and the corrosion resistance of heat-resistant metal materials in the combustion environment of graduate materials is of great significance to the development and application of biomass power generation.…”

Simulation Study on Coil of Biomass Carbonization Kettle

“…20G steel, as a common material of biomass carbonation kettle coil, has been studied by many scholars. Specimens mass loss method, surface morphology microscopic analysis, and artificial neural network are used to measure the degradation of material properties [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]; however, are rarely seen in systematic mechanical material tests. In this paper, the gas phase of N 2 , CO 2 , O 2 , and water vapor is used for heat treatment to simulate real corrosion conditions.…”