Danish University Governance and Reforms Since the Millennium:

Abstract

Global and European political shifts are having an impact on the present and future of Nordic universities, including ideals of institutional autonomy. The aim of this paper is to explore the status of governance, and central policy ideas that have shaped reforms and institutional change at Danish universities since the millennium. On the one hand the article explores how powerful policy ideas have shaped the development of Danish higher education policy, and on the other hand, how such ideas are received in very different ways by the sector and the institutions. The article unravels the history of the reform of the Danish higher education system of the past two decades, as two parallel ideational streams in policy development. The first ideational stream revolves around the relation between state and institutions, and the second centres on the relation between the national and the global. Focusing on recent developments, the article demonstrates that the range of possible sector and university responses towards centrally initiated reforms and initiatives varies significantly. The article suggest that these variations must be seen in the light of the universities struggling to come to terms with their position as self- governing institutions, including defining and exploiting their space for agency.

Embedded System Technology Spillover Effects of Digital Economy and High-Quality Economic Development

“…A significant step in the reform of China's economic development, the enhancement of its economic structure, and the optimization of its growth has been reached in the last few years as the country's economy has entered a phase of high-quality development and sustainable and rapid growth (Ma & Huang, 2021). In terms of economic indicators, China's economic strength has continued to grow, with a number of indicators ranking among the world's best, and productivity is constantly improving (Brgger et al, 2023). In 2020 China has wholly eradicated poverty, achieved the great goal of reasonable social and economic health, and succeeded in solving the problem of food and clothing for more than 1 billion people (Wang, 2021).…”