Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) on the Global Market: What Are the Implications for Products’ Quality?

Kum, Ka Yui; Kirchhof, Rainer; Luick, Rainer; Heinrich, Michael

doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.621169

Cited by 28 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Our previous studies have found that Salvia miltiorrhiza improved the survival rate of fat transplantation and promoted the proliferation and differentiation of adipose stem cells [25][26][27]. Because Salvia miltiorrhiza is a mixed traditional Chinese medicine, different sources of production or different processing methods will affect the proportion of each component in Salvia miltiorrhiza, leading to inaccurate curative effects [11]. Therefore, identifying the key small molecules in Salvia miltiorrhiza is critical.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Salvianolic Acid B Improves the Effect of Fat Grafts by Inhibiting the NF-kB Signalling Pathway in Macrophages

Sun¹,

Ho²,

Gao³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Autologous fat grafting (AFG), although an appealing approach to repair soft tissue defects, has various complications. Excessive inflammation at the transplant site is one of the main reasons for the poor effect of fat transplantation and occurrence of complications. Our previous study proved that Salvia miltiorrhiza can enhance fat graft survival. Salvianolic acid B (Sal-B) is the most abundant and bioactive water-soluble compound in Salvia miltiorrhiza and has anti-inflammatory effects on other diseases. Therefore, we hypothesized that salvianolic acid B could improve the effect of fat grafts by inhibiting inflammation. Methods In vivo, 0.2 ml of Coleman fat was transplanted into nude mice with salvianolic acid B. The grafts were evaluated by HE and IF at 2, 4 and 12 weeks posttransplantation and by micro-CT at 4 weeks posttransplantation. In vitro, the proliferative and anti-inflammatory activities of salvianolic acid B were analyzed in cultured RAW264.7 cells to detect the mechanism by which salvianolic acid B affects graft survival by inhibiting inflammation. Results In vivo, the degree of adipose tissue fibrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration in the salvianolic acid B treatment group was lower, and the infiltration of M1 macrophages in fat grafts was also less than that in the control group. In vitro, salvianolic acid B inhibited the proliferation and activation of inflammatory pathways in RAW264.7 cells. Conclusions This study demonstrates the use of salvianolic acid B as a possible treatment to improve the effect of fat transplantation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because Salvia miltiorrhiza is a mixed traditional Chinese medicine, different sources of production or different processing methods will affect the proportion of each component in Salvia miltiorrhiza, leading to inaccurate curative effects [11]. Salvianolic acid B (Sal-B, Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salvianolic Acid B Improves the Effect of Fat Grafts by Inhibiting the NF-kB Signalling Pathway in Macrophages

Sun¹,

Ho²,

Gao³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, also called Danshen, is a perennial herb belonging to the family Lamiaceae and has been used to treat menstrual disorders, cardiovascular diseases, chronic pain, and thoracic obstruction over 2000 years in Asia countries [ 1 – 4 ]. At present, the annual consumption of medicinal materials exceeds 80,000 tons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a highly efficient virus-free regeneration system of Salvia miltiorrhiza from Sichuan using apical meristem as explants

Yao

Jiang

et al. 2022

Plant Methods

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Bcakground The dry root and rhizome of Salvia miltiorrhiza are used to treat cardiovascular diseases, chronic pain, and thoracic obstruction over 2000 years in Asian countries. For high quality, Sichuan Zhongjiang is regarded as the genuine producing area of S. miltiorrhiza. Given its abnormal pollen development, S. miltiorrhiza from Sichuan (S.m.-SC) relies on root reproduction and zymad accumulation; part of diseased plants present typical viral disease symptoms and seed quality degeneration. This study aim to detected unknown viruses from mosaic-diseased plants and establish a highly efficient virus-free regeneration system to recover germplasm properties. Results Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) were detected from mosaic-diseased plants. Primary apical meristem with two phyllo podium in 0.15–0.5 mm peeled from diseased plants were achieved 73.33% virus-free rate. The results showed that the medium containing MS, 0.5 mg/L 6-BA, 0.1 mg/L NAA, 0.1 mg/L GA3, 30 g/L sucrose and 7.5 g/L agar can achieve embryonic-tissue (apical meristem, petiole and leaf callus) high efficient organogenesis. For callus induction, the optimal condition was detected on the medium containing MS, 2 mg/L TDZ, 0.1 mg/L NAA by using secondary petiole of virus-free plants under 24 h dark/d condition for 21 d. The optimal system for root induction was the nutrient solution with 1/2 MS supplemented with 1 mg/L NAA. After transplant, the detection of agronomic metric and salvianolic acid B content confirmed the great germplasm properties of S.m.-SC virus-free plants. Conclusions A highly efficient virus-free regeneration system of S.m.-SC was established based on the detected viruses to recover superior seed quality. The proposed system laid support to control disease spread, recover good germplasm properties in S.m.-SC.

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“…Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (SMB), a traditional Chinese medicine with the effect of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, is also used as a botanical drug for the treatment of diseases in many Asian countries in addition to its widespread use in China [ 2 ]. At the same time, modern pharmacological studies have shown that SMB can inhibit thrombosis by improving blood circulation [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge in Treating Cerebral Infarction

Liu

Yuan³

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Background. Cerebral infarction (CI) is a common brain disease in clinical practice, which is mainly due to the pathological environment of ischemia and hypoxia caused by difficult cerebral circulation perfusion function, resulting in ischemic necrosis of local brain tissue and neurological impairment. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory, CI is mainly due to blood stasis in the brain. Therefore, blood-activating and stasis-dissipating drugs are often used to treat CI in clinical practice. Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (SMB) is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine with good efficacy in promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, and treatment of CI with it is a feasible strategy. Based on the above analysis, we chose network pharmacology to investigate the feasibility of SMB in the treatment of CI and to study the possible molecular mechanisms by providing some reference for the treatment of CI with TCM. Methods. The active ingredients and related targets of SMB were obtained through the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database, and CI-related targets were obtained from the GeneCards and DisGeNET databases. The target of SMB for the treatment of CI was obtained using Cytoscape software and visualized. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis was performed based on “clusterProfiler” within R, and the prediction results were validated by molecular docking technique. Results. By constructing a compound-target (C-T) network, it was found that the active components in SMB mainly treated CI by regulating key proteins such as AKT1, IL-6, and EGFR. These key proteins mainly involve in pathways such as immune regulation, cancer and lipid metabolism, such as lipid and atherosclerosis, chemical carcinogenesis-receptor activation pathways, and IL-17 signaling pathway. In the GO term, it mainly regulates the response to steroid hormones, membrane rafts, and G protein-amine receptor coupled activity. Eventually, we verified that the luteolin and tanshinone IIA components in SMB have a good possibility of action with AKT1 and IL-6 by in silico techniques, indicating that SMB has some scientificity in the treatment of CI. Conclusion. SMB mainly treats CI by regulating 94 proteins involved in lipid and atherosclerosis, chemical carcinogenesis-receptor activation, and IL-17 signaling pathway. Our research strategy provided a template for the drug development of TCM for the treatment of CI.

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Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) on the Global Market: What Are the Implications for Products’ Quality?

Cited by 28 publications

References 48 publications

Salvianolic Acid B Improves the Effect of Fat Grafts by Inhibiting the NF-kB Signalling Pathway in Macrophages

Salvianolic Acid B Improves the Effect of Fat Grafts by Inhibiting the NF-kB Signalling Pathway in Macrophages

Development of a highly efficient virus-free regeneration system of Salvia miltiorrhiza from Sichuan using apical meristem as explants

Molecular Mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge in Treating Cerebral Infarction

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