Dapagliflozin, A Selective SGLT2 Inhibitor for Treatment of Diabetes

SGLT2 Inhibitors and nephroprotection in diabetic kidney disease: From mechanisms of action to the latest evidence in the literature

“…Serglifozin, remoglifozin, AVE2268 and T-1095 were created, which showed a dose-dependent decrease in the reabsorption of glucose at the level of the kidney, as well as suppression of hyperglycemia; additionally, they exhibited increased selectivity for SGLT2 in comparison to phlorizine. Nonetheless, the pharmaceutical companies and the scienti ic community and the pharmaceutical companies continued the investigations given that these drugs had poor pharmacokinetic stability and their selectivity was incomplete, leading to the discovery of C-Aryl glucosidase SGLT2 inhibitors in the year 2000 [11,13].…”

“…Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a disease that has had marked the history of humankind given the impact it has on the quality of life on the patients that suffer from it [11]. T2D is the most common type of diabetes and its pathophysiololgic mechanisms have allowed the use of oral hypoglycemic agents like biguanides, sulfonylureas, dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, among others.…”

“…Given its similar properties to Cinchona extracts and weeping willow, it was proposed as a reasonable candidate to treat fever, some infectious diseases and even malaria. Approximately 50 years later, its glucosuric capacity at high doses was discovered [11,14,15]. It was also suggested that phlorizine induced diabetes in canine models, given that it caused similar symptoms with its chronic administration (glucosuria, polyuria and weight loss) [15].…”

Qualitative and Quantitative Determination of Dapagliflozin Propanediol Monohydrate and Its Related Substances and Degradation Products Using LC-MS and Preparative Chromatography Methods

“…SGLTs play a significant role in glucose absorption in the kidney, wherein SGLT-2 usually takes up nearly 90% glucose 1 . DPG was first manufactured by AstraZeneca and Bristol Myers Squibb under the brand name of Farxiga® in 2014 2 . It is prescribed as an oral drug for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) 2 .…”

“…DPG was first manufactured by AstraZeneca and Bristol Myers Squibb under the brand name of Farxiga® in 2014 2 . It is prescribed as an oral drug for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) 2 . DPG has also been approved to manage T2DM in patients with heart failure 3 .…”