Dark energy and quantum gravity

Abstract

Realizing dark energy and the observed de Sitter spacetime in quantum gravity has proven to be obstructed in most every usual approach. We argue that additional degrees of freedom of the left-and right-movers in string theory and a resulting doubled, non-commutatively generalized geometric formulation thereof can lead to an effective model of dark energy consistent with de Sitter spacetime. In this approach, the curvature of the canonically conjugate dual space provides for the dark energy inducing a positive cosmological constant in the observed spacetime, whereas the size of the above dual space is the gravitational constant in the same observed de Sitter spacetime. As a hallmark relation owing to a unique feature of string theory which relates short distances to long distances, the cosmological constant scale, the Planck scale, and the effective TeV-sized particle physics scale must satisfy a see-saw-like formula-precisely the generic prediction of certain stringy cosmic brane type models.

Quantum gravity phenomenology at the dawn of the multi-messenger era -- A review

“…Dark Matter and axion-like backgrounds [403][404][405][475][476][477][478][479][480][481]: In Born geometry metaparticles are endowed with a non-trivial propagator and an IR sensitive dispersion relation, that could be investigated in various experimental settings. Such fields are inherently bi-local and non-commutative, and each observed quantum field has a "dual", which could be associated with dark matter, and, in the gravitational sector, dark energy, as well as axion degrees of freedom.…”

“…The latter appear as sections of a new and larger concept -quantum spacetime with Born geometry [398,399], realized in a T-duality covariant, unitary and intrinsically non-commutative formulation of string theory ("metastring theory", [328,[400][401][402][403]). This approach also sheds new light on the GUP, and leads to observable hallmarks, such as: (i) the "metaparticles" (bilocal, non-commutative field quanta in the modular representation), endowed with a non-trivial propagator and an IR sensitive dispersion relation, that could be investigated via different multimessenger probes, (ii) their "duals", associated with dark matter degrees of freedom [403], and axion-like backgrounds, [404,405], and (iii) a "dual" geometry, leading to dark energy in the observed spacetime, modelled as a positive cosmological constant [475,476] and consistent with observations [477,478].…”

From Quantum Foundations of Quantum Field Theory, String Theory and Quantum Gravity to Dark Matter and Dark Energy

“…A fully dynamical quantum spacetime (a dynamical Born geometry) leads to a theory of quantum gravity in the form of metastring theory (a robust quantum theory whose geometry is the Born geometry of quantum non-locality). This generic formulation of string theory implies a radiatively stable positive cosmological constant (dark energy) [11] in the observed classical spacetime and metaparticle quanta (the zero modes of the metastring) representing the natural quanta of dark matter [12] (correlated to dark energy and visible matter).…”

Infrared Properties of Quantum Gravity: UV/IR Mixing, Gravitizing the Quantum -- Theory and Observation

“…Such fields are inherently bi-local and non-commutative, and each observed quantum field has a "dual", which could be associated with dark matter degrees of freedom [11]. Similarly, in the gravitational setting one gets, to leading order in the minimal length, a dual geometry, which in the observed spacetime leads to "dark energy", modeled as a positive cosmological constant [43,44]. (Dark matter, dark energy and visible matter are naturally correlated in this description [45,46].)…”