Dark energy domination in the local flow of giant galaxies

Abstract

A dozen most luminous galaxies at distances up to 10 Mpc from the Local Group are moving away from the group forming the local expansion flow of giants.We use recent Hubble Space Telescope data on the local giants and their numerous fainter companions to study the dynamical structure and evolutionary trends of the flow. A N-body computer model that reproduces the observed kinematic of the flow is constructed under the assumption that the flow is embedded in the universal dark energy background. In the model, the motions of the flow members are controlled by their mutual attraction force and the repulsion force produced by the dark energy. It is found that the dark energy repulsion dominates the force field of the flow. Because of this, the flow expands with acceleration quantified with the local deceleration parameter. The dark energy domination is enhanced by the environment effect of the low mean matter density on the spatial scale of 50 Mpc in the local universe. The accelerating expansion cools the flow and introduces to it a nearly linear velocity-distance relation with the time-rate that is close to Hubble's factor of the global cosmological expansion.

Λgr Centennial: Cosmic Web in Dark Energy Background

“…With the discovery of dark energy at the global distances, the antigravity force entered the cosmic scene; it was realized soon that the gravity-antigravity interplay is the major factor that controls the dynamics of the cosmological expansion. In a similar way, our astronomical findings at local distances of 1-10 Mpc (Chernin et al, 2000;2003) show that Einstein's antigravity can dominate dynamically on relatively small, non-cosmological distances of ∼1-3 Mpc as well. Thus Einstein's antigravity is a universal omnipresent force which has the same rank among the forces of nature, as Newton's gravity does.…”

The isolated dSph galaxy KKs3 in the local Hubble flow

“…Approximately the same peculiar velocity dispersion is also typical for the barycenters of the nearby galaxy groups (Karachentsev 2005). A considerable number of papers are devoted to the interpretation of the observed data on the "cold" Hubble flow (Chernin 2001;Chernin et al 2004;Teerikorpi et al 2005;Chernin 2008;Hoffman et al 2008;Peirani & Pacheco 2008;Tikhonov & Klypin 2009: Chernin et al 2015.…”

Local dark energy in the Sculptor Filament of galaxies

“…The Newtonian approximation of equations (7-10) is appropriate for local systems, since the velocities of the expansion flows are very small compared to the speed of light, and the spatial differences in the gravityantigravity potential are very small compared to the speed of light squared there. This approximation was used in the 3D and 2D models of the Cosmic Web systems (see Chernin 2001Chernin , 2008Chernin et al 2015, and references therein). It is also used below for the 1D model of the Sculptor Filament of galaxies.…”

“…This argument is supported by a set of computer models developed for really existing systems of galaxies embedded in the dark energy omnipresent background. These systems are as following: the Local Group (LG) of galaxies together with the expansion outflow of dwarf galaxies around it, several systems similar to the Local Group, two clusters of galaxies (Coma and Virgo) with their expansion outflows, the Local Supercluster of galaxies, or "Zeldovich pancake" (see Chernin 2001Chernin , 2008Chernin , 2013Chernin et al 2015, and references therein).…”