Dark matter and the early Universe: A review

Arbey, Alexandre; Mahmoudi, F.

doi:10.1016/j.ppnp.2021.103865

“…Hence, in order to obtain a physically and mathematically consistent picture of the Universe, two different approaches have been proposed, called the dark components model, and the dark gravity model, respectively. The dark components model [80][81][82][83][84] assumes that the Universe is filled with two (still mysterious) components, dark energy, and dark matter, respectively, components for which many proposals have been advanced. In the dark gravity approach it is assumed that the nature of the gravitational force changes on astrophysical (galactic) and cosmological scales, and that the standard Einstein equations, so successful at the level of the Solar System, must be replaced by a novel theory of gravity, like, for example, theories with geometry-matter coupling [38,41], or gravitational models built upon more general geometries than the Riemannian one.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmological evolution and dark energy in osculating Barthel–Randers geometry

Hama

¹

,

Harkó

²

,

Sabau

³

2021

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We consider the cosmological evolution in an osculating point Barthel–Randers type geometry, in which to each point of the space-time manifold an arbitrary point vector field is associated. This Finsler type geometry is assumed to describe the physical properties of the gravitational field, as well as the cosmological dynamics. For the Barthel–Randers geometry the connection is given by the Levi-Civita connection of the associated Riemann metric. The generalized Friedmann equations in the Barthel–Randers geometry are obtained by considering that the background Riemannian metric in the Randers line element is of Friedmann–Lemaitre–Robertson–Walker type. The matter energy balance equation is derived, and it is interpreted from the point of view of the thermodynamics of irreversible processes in the presence of particle creation. The cosmological properties of the model are investigated in detail, and it is shown that the model admits a de Sitter type solution, and that an effective cosmological constant can also be generated. Several exact cosmological solutions are also obtained. A comparison of three specific models with the observational data and with the standard $$\Lambda $$ Λ CDM model is also performed by fitting the observed values of the Hubble parameter, with the models giving a satisfactory description of the observations.

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“…There are of course a great deal of models and theories postulating a role for structures of extra spatial dimensions without any motivation in connection with dark matter (see for example [50,51]). There are also a large number of dark matter candidates proposed that make no use of extra-dimensional structures (see for example [1,2], [3] section 27, as well as the two previous subsections of this paper).…”

Section: Extra Spatial Dimension Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dark Sector and the Standard Model from a Local Generalisation of Extra Dimensions

Jackson¹

2021

Preprint

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Many models with structures of matter associated with a structure of extra spatial dimensions have been proposed in recent decades. On employing a further generalisation from the local 4-dimensional spacetime form to a general form for proper time, we describe how matter fields resembling the Standard Model of particle physics can be accommodated far more directly than with a higher-dimensional spacetime theory. The successful identification of key features of visible matter in this non-spatial sector of extra dimensions in turn motivates seeking a candidate for dark matter residing in the original extra spatial dimension sector, and provides a close guide for the explicit form this invisible matter might take. We describe how such Standard Model and dark matter sectors in different extra-dimensional branches of generalised proper time are gravitationally connected through their common root in the local 4-dimensional spacetime and consider further possible mutual interactions and implications in comparison with existing dark matter models. A yet further possible branch of generalised proper time can be connected with dark energy models, hence in principle accounting for all three major components of cosmological structure within this framework.

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“…The observation of EW production of Z (→ νν)γ jj lays the groundwork for further investigation of this signature in looking for possible hints of BSM physics, based on interesting and well-motivated benchmark scenarios involving new dark matter (DM) candidate particles or a hidden sector of new particles coupling with the SM Higgs boson. The existence of DM is evident from astrophysical observations [11], although its connection with the SM is still unknown because it has only been observed through gravitational interactions. In this paper, the connection of DM with SM particles is explored by introducing a coupling with the 125 GeV Higgs boson.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of electroweak production of two jets in association with an isolated photon and missing transverse momentum, and search for a Higgs boson decaying into invisible particles at 13 $$\text {TeV}$$ with the ATLAS detector

Aad

¹

,

Abbott²,

Abbott³

et al. 2022

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This paper presents a measurement of the electroweak production of two jets in association with a $$Z\gamma $$ Z γ pair, with the Z boson decaying into two neutrinos. It also presents a search for invisible or partially invisible decays of a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 $$\text {GeV}$$ GeV produced through vector-boson fusion with a photon in the final state. These results use data from LHC proton–proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s}$$ s = 13 $$\text {TeV}$$ TeV collected with the ATLAS detector and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 $$\hbox {fb}^{-1}$$ fb - 1 . The event signature, shared by all benchmark processes considered for the measurements and searches, is characterized by a significant amount of unbalanced transverse momentum and a photon in the final state, in addition to a pair of forward jets. Electroweak $$Z\gamma $$ Z γ production in association with two jets is observed in this final state with a significance of 5.2 (5.1 expected) standard deviations. The measured fiducial cross-section for this process is $$1.31\pm 0.29$$ 1.31 ± 0.29 fb. An observed (expected) upper limit of 0.37 ($$0.34^{+0.15}_{-0.10}$$ 0 . 34 - 0.10 + 0.15 ) at 95% confidence level is set on the branching ratio of a 125 $$\text {GeV}$$ GeV Higgs boson to invisible particles, assuming the Standard Model production cross-section. The signature is also interpreted in the context of decays of a Higgs boson into a photon and a dark photon. An observed (expected) 95% CL upper limit on the branching ratio for this decay is set at 0.018 ($$0.017^{+0.007}_{-0.005}$$ 0 . 017 - 0.005 + 0.007 ), assuming the Standard Model production cross-section for a 125 $$\text {GeV}$$ GeV Higgs boson.

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Dark matter and the early Universe: A review

Cited by 172 publications

References 167 publications

Cosmological evolution and dark energy in osculating Barthel–Randers geometry

Cosmological evolution and dark energy in osculating Barthel–Randers geometry

The Dark Sector and the Standard Model from a Local Generalisation of Extra Dimensions

Observation of electroweak production of two jets in association with an isolated photon and missing transverse momentum, and search for a Higgs boson decaying into invisible particles at 13 $$\text {TeV}$$ with the ATLAS detector

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