Dark matter production in late time reheating

Harigaya, Keisuke; Kawasaki, Masahiro; Mukaida, Kyohei; Yamada, Masaki

doi:10.1103/physrevd.89.083532

Cited by 127 publications

(207 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…and heavy particles can be produced by this process even if the reheating temperature is very low [14]. For the Skyrmion mass around 10 TeV, the reheating temperature of the order of 100 MeV can explain the abundance.…”

Section: Jhep04(2017)150mentioning

confidence: 99%

More on Electroweak-Skyrmion

Kitano

Kurachi

2017

J. High Energ. Phys.

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Abstract:We discuss the properties of the topological soliton, or the ElectroweakSkyrmion, in the system of the Standard Model Higgs Lagrangian with addition of general O(p 4 ) terms. We show that the upper bound on the mass of the Electroweak-Skyrmion is about 10 TeV, which is obtained from currently available experimental constraints on coefficients of O(p 4 ) terms. The impact on the properties of the Electroweak-Skyrmion due to further modification of the Lagrangian is also discussed, and comments on possible mechanisms for the generation of the Electroweak-Skyrmion in the early Universe as a dark matter are given.

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Section: Jhep04(2017)150mentioning

confidence: 99%

More on Electroweak-Skyrmion

Kitano

Kurachi

2017

J. High Energ. Phys.

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“…Alternately, far-fromequilibrium systems may be underoccupied, such that the system consists of fewer, but more energetic, quasiparticles than the corresponding thermal system. This is the case in, e.g., Planck-suppressed decay of inflatons [4]. Also, even though the initial condition of heavy-ion collisions is overoccupied, it has been demonstrated by Baier, Mueller, Schiff, and Son [5] (see also [6]) that the longitudinal expansion renders the prethermal fireball underoccupied before it reaches local thermal equilibrium.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Approach to Equilibrium in Weakly Coupled Non-Abelian Plasmas

2014

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We follow the time evolution of non-Abelian gauge bosons from far-from-equilibrium initial conditions to thermal equilibrium by numerically solving an effective kinetic equation that becomes accurate in the weak coupling limit. We consider isotropic initial conditions that are either highly overoccupied or underoccupied. We find that overoccupied systems thermalize through a self-similar cascade reaching equilibrium in multiples of a thermalization time t eq ≈ 72:=ð1 þ 0.12 log λ −1 Þ × 1=λ 2 T, whereas underoccupied systems undergo a "bottom-up" thermalization in a time t eq ≈ ½34: þ 21: logðQ=TÞ= ð1 þ 0.037 log λ −1 Þ × ðQ=TÞ 1=2 =λ 2 T, where Q is the characteristic momentum scale of the initial condition. We apply this result to model initial stages of heavy-ion collisions and find rapid thermalization roughly in a time Qt eq ≲ 10 or t eq ≲ 1 fm=c. Non-Abelian far-from-equilibrium plasmas occur in many cosmological pre-or reheating scenarios [1] or due to possible cosmological phase transitions [2], as well as in the early stages of heavy-ion collisions. These far-from-equilibrium systems may be overoccupied, such that the energy is spread out in longer wavelength modes than in thermal equilibrium but with stronger fields. This is the case, e.g., for fields generated through parametric resonance, and in heavy-ion collisions, at least in the limit of asymptotically large center of mass energies, where the initial condition may be described by using the colorglass-condensate framework [3]. Alternately, far-fromequilibrium systems may be underoccupied, such that the system consists of fewer, but more energetic, quasiparticles than the corresponding thermal system. This is the case in, e.g., Planck-suppressed decay of inflatons [4]. Also, even though the initial condition of heavy-ion collisions is overoccupied, it has been demonstrated by Baier, Mueller, Schiff, and Son [5] (see also [6]) that the longitudinal expansion renders the prethermal fireball underoccupied before it reaches local thermal equilibrium.This has motivated several numerical [7][8][9][10][11][12] and analytical [13,14] works to study simple far-from-equilibrium model systems, in particular, that of a single species of gauge bosons in a (nonexpanding) flat space-time with statistically isotropic initial conditions at weak coupling, which we investigate in this Letter with both over-and underoccupied initial conditions. In both cases, we follow the time evolution of the system from the initial far-fromequilibrium state to thermal equilibrium and extract the thermalization time, which we define as the exponent governing relaxation of the deviation of the first moment of the distribution function, hjpji ¼ R p jpjfðpÞ= R p fðpÞ, from its equilibrium value hjpji T at late times:In the overoccupied case, early dynamics fall onto a nonthermal attractor solution: if the initial momentum scale characterized by Q 2 ≡ hp 2 ðt ¼ 0Þi is much smaller than the momentum scale of the target thermal system, then the scattering time of the initial system τ ini...

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“…For strongly interacting superheavy DM, see [8]. DM could be also produced in high energy inelastic scattering processes [9]. The stability of superheavy DM was discussed earlier [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superheavy dark matter and IceCube neutrino signals: Bounds on decaying dark matter

2015

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Superheavy dark matter may show its presence in high energy neutrino signals detected on earth. From the latest results of IceCube, we could set the strongest lower bound on the lifetime of dark matter beyond 100 TeV around 10 28 sec. The excess around a PeV is noticed and may be interpreted as the first signal of DM even though further confirmation and dedicated searches are invited.PACS numbers: 95.35.+d, 95.85.Ry, 12.60.Cn,12.90.+b

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Dark matter production in late time reheating

Cited by 127 publications

References 105 publications

More on Electroweak-Skyrmion

More on Electroweak-Skyrmion

Approach to Equilibrium in Weakly Coupled Non-Abelian Plasmas

Superheavy dark matter and IceCube neutrino signals: Bounds on decaying dark matter

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