Das Einspurmodell von Riekert-Schunck

Nonlinear Time-Delay Observer-Based Control to Estimate Vehicle States: Lateral Vehicle Model

“…The lateral vehicle model, widely used in vehicle dynamics, offers a detailed representation of chassis motion [10], [11], [21], [22], [24]. In particular, [23] had proposed an extended representation of the vehicle model considering roll, which yields better results.…”

“…Note that, in comparison to the proposed lateral vehicle model, the aforementioned model is a special case when l 1 = l 2 = 1 (or h(t) = 0). Since the lateral vehicle models found in the literature are delay-free [10], [11], [21], [22], [24], [35], a direct comparison with the proposed time delay model may be unfair. Because of that, a general comparison in terms of time-varying delay may be more significant, and it is done in this paper, where a delayfree lateral model and a time-varying delay lateral vehicle model have been compared in Section V.…”

“…The bicycle vehicle model (single-track model) was invented in 1940 and is still widely used today [22], [23], [24]. Several significant omissions and simplifications are included in the bicycle model, which effectively reduces the degree of freedom of the model without affecting the vehicle's dynamic behavior in the linear range.…”

“…Substituting ( 53) and (52) from the right hand side of (51) and using (22) with the relaxation scheme in [36], we obtain…”

Evaluating damping elements for two-stage suspension vehicles

“…International standards for railway define the range for deficient frequency 0 z. The human body is sensible to vertical accelerations (Mitschke, 1983;ISO 2631ISO -1, 1997Mitschke and Frederich, 1999) see Appendix C; frequencies 0 z cause excessive oscillations on  2 , generating significant loss of comfort (Colin, 2006;Castañeda and Żółtowski 009). Comparing the values obtained for the analyzed modes  i , and under the different technical states of the damper i, the natural frequency is  < 2Hz.…”