Das Herzminutenvolumen

Athlete's Heart - a Review of Its Historical Assessment and New Aspects

“…Ekblom and Hermannsen (29) found the highest value by dye dilution technique, which was 42.3 1/mm. This result corresponds very well with the data of Christensen (17,18) who found an increase of cardiac output to 37 I/mm by the foreign gas method, On the other hand, Krogh's results already very well reflected the relative increase of the AH performance because he assumed a cardiac output at rest of 3 1/mm. Since the maximum heart i-ate in athletes remains unchanged or sometimes eveit slightly decreases (29) this means stroke volumes close to 200 ml.…”

“…Later on the authors changed this term to "regulative enlargement" to include hypertrophy as well as dilation. 1-lowever, there was another surprising finding in AH that seemed to contradict Starling's law namely a decreased stroke volume at rest, which was found by noninvasive methods, such as sphygmography, ballistocardiography, and foreign gas methods (18,55,58,103). Even if this finding could not be conformed later on by invasive methods and has today only historical importance, it should be discussed briefly here since it demonstrates one of the most basic problems of sports cardiology i.e.…”