Das verhalten der kleiderlaus bei ausschaltung ihrer symbionten

Aschner, M.; Ries, Erich

doi:10.1007/bf00446386

Cited by 57 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The diagnostic PCR analysis identified the symbiont in all the louse samples examined. Thus, it was strongly suggested that the symbiont infection is fixed in the louse populations, corroborating the essential biological roles of the symbiont for the host insect (3,19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 71%

“…In the 1920s, human lice were first reported to possess a large aggregate of bacteriocytes, called the stomach disc, on the ventral side of the midgut, in which rod-shaped symbiotic bacteria are harbored (5,23). Since then, a number of histological (11,20), embryonic (4,20), experimental (1,2,3,10), and nutritional (18,19) studies have been conducted on the endosymbiotic system of human lice. These studies demonstrated that the symbiont is vertically transmitted from the maternal stomach disc to developing oocytes through a peculiar passage (11,20), is essential for the survival and growth of the host (3), and provides the host with B vitamins that are lacking in the blood meal (19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The head louse has recently been reemerging even in advanced countries, particularly among school children, and its resistance to insecticides is increasing (8). Considering the essential roles of the symbiont for the host (3,19), microbiological studies of the louse symbionts would lead to new means of control for the pests. Other than human lice, a number of lice are known from a wide variety of mammals, and it has been histologically reported that the localizations, morphologies, and life cycles of symbiotic bacteria in animal lice are distinct from those of human lice in many respects (6,20).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Symbiotic Bacteria Associated with Stomach Discs of Human Lice

Sasaki-Fukatsu

Koga

Nikoh

et al. 2006

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The symbiotic bacteria associated with the stomach disc, a large aggregate of bacteriocytes on the ventral side of the midgut, of human body and head lice were characterized. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the symbionts formed a distinct and well-defined clade in the Gammaproteobacteria. The sequences exhibited AT-biased nucleotide composition and accelerated molecular evolution. In situ hybridization revealed that in nymphs and adult males, the symbiont was localized in the stomach disc, while in adult females, the symbiont was not in the stomach disc but in the lateral oviducts and the posterior pole of the oocytes due to female-specific symbiont migration. We propose the designation "Candidatus Riesia pediculicola" for the louse symbionts.

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confidence: 71%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Symbiotic Bacteria Associated with Stomach Discs of Human Lice

Sasaki-Fukatsu

Koga

Nikoh

et al. 2006

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…If the mycetome is removed from a young female louse, she dies after only a few days and her eggs are deformed (3). Furthermore, if the bacteria are removed from the eggs directly, the larvae survive only a few days (2).…”

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confidence: 99%

Evolutionary Relationships of “CandidatusRiesia spp.,” EndosymbioticEnterobacteriaceaeLiving within Hematophagous Primate Lice

Allen

Reed

Perotti

et al. 2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The primary endosymbiotic bacteria from three species of parasitic primate lice were characterized molecularly. We have confirmed the characterization of the primary endosymbiont (P-endosymbiont) of the human head/body louse Pediculus humanus and provide new characterizations of the P-endosymbionts from Pediculus schaeffi from chimpanzees and Pthirus pubis, the pubic louse of humans. The endosymbionts show an average percent sequence divergence of 11 to 15% from the most closely related known bacterium "Candidatus Arsenophonus insecticola." We propose that two additional species be added to the genus "Candidatus Riesia." The new species proposed within "Candidatus Riesia" have sequence divergences of 3.4% and 10 to 12% based on uncorrected pairwise differences. Our Bayesian analysis shows that the branching pattern for the primary endosymbionts was the same as that for their louse hosts, suggesting a long coevolutionary history between primate lice and their primary endosymbionts. We used a calibration of 5.6 million years to date the divergence between endosymbionts from human and chimpanzee lice and estimated an evolutionary rate of nucleotide substitution of 0.67% per million years, which is 15 to 30 times faster than previous estimates calculated for Buchnera, the primary endosymbiont in aphids. Given the evidence for cospeciation with primate lice and the evidence for fast evolutionary rates, this lineage of endosymbiotic bacteria can be evaluated as a fast-evolving marker of both louse and primate evolutionary histories.

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“…A detailed study showed that the symbiont could provide the host with up to seven vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9), but it supplements the diet differently in the two sexes. 61 The control of lice in humans is usually performed with insecticide treatments and through the mechanical removal of eggs (nits). In the future, a new therapeutic approach, that identifies as target the symbiotic bacterium rather than the louse, could be considered.…”

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confidence: 99%

Microbial symbiosis and the control of vector-borne pathogens in tsetse flies, human lice, and triatomine bugs

Sassera

Epis

Pajoro

et al. 2013

Pathogens and Global Health

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Symbiosis is a widespread biological phenomenon, and is particularly common in arthropods. Bloodsucking insects are among the organisms that rely on beneficial bacterial symbionts to complement their unbalanced diet. This review is focused on describing symbiosis, and possible strategies for the symbiont-based control of insects and insect-borne diseases, in three bloodsucking insects of medical importance: the flies of the genus Glossina, the lice of the genus Pediculus, and triatomine bugs of the subfamily Triatominae. Glossina flies are vector of Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of sleeping sickness and other pathologies. They are also associated with two distinct bacterial symbionts, the primary symbiont Wigglesworthia spp., and the secondary, culturable symbiont Sodalis glossinidius. The primary symbiont of human lice, Riesia pediculicola, has been shown to be fundamental for the host, due to its capacity to synthesize B-group vitamins. An antisymbiotic approach, with antibiotic treatment targeted on the lice symbionts, could represent an alternative strategy to control these ectoparasites. In the case of triatominae bugs, the genetic modification of their symbiotic Rhodococcus bacteria, for production of antiTrypanosoma molecules, is an example of paratransgenesis, i.e. the use of symbiotic microorganism engineered in order to reduce the vector competence of the insect host.

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Das verhalten der kleiderlaus bei ausschaltung ihrer symbionten

Cited by 57 publications

References 8 publications

Symbiotic Bacteria Associated with Stomach Discs of Human Lice

Symbiotic Bacteria Associated with Stomach Discs of Human Lice

Evolutionary Relationships of “CandidatusRiesia spp.,” EndosymbioticEnterobacteriaceaeLiving within Hematophagous Primate Lice

Microbial symbiosis and the control of vector-borne pathogens in tsetse flies, human lice, and triatomine bugs

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