Data Arrangement and Consideration of Evaluation Standard for Silico-Ferrite of Calcium and Alminum (SFCA) Phase in Sintering Process

Yajima, Kohei; Jung, Seung Boo

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.52.535

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…During production of that sinter, the bulk density of green feed was 1770 kg/m 3 and FFS was 13.6 mm/minute. Silico-ferrites of calcium and aluminum, SFCA and SFCA-I, are typically the major and most desirable bonding phases because of their high reducibility and good mechanical strength [14][15][16][17][18][19]. Moreover, the SFCA phases are considered the most important phases for producing high quality sinter at low temperatures and high productivity [20][21][22][23].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sintering of Iron Ores in a Millipot in Comparison with Tablet Testing and Industrial Process

Di²,

Pinson

et al. 2018

Metall Mater Trans B

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To explore the feasibility of small-scale sintering pot testing, a 'millipot' facility (diameter of 53 mm and height of 400 mm) was established and used to examine the sintering performance of iron ores and other non-traditional ferrous materials. The sintering performance of a millipot was examined across a range of different operational conditions (coke rate and suction pressure) and compared with an industrial sinter strand operation. Tablet tests were also performed to assist in the design of the millipot experiments and identify conditions for achieving mineral composition similar to the industrial sinter. For the millipot experiments, the materials used need to be compacted to increase the bulk density, and a higher coke rate is required to compensate the high heat loss caused by wall effects. A higher suction pressure is also necessary to maintain an oxidizing atmosphere in the sinter bed. As expected, it was not possible to eliminate the wall effect, which resulted in more primary hematite at edges of the sintered column. However, the sintered material from the center of column simulates industrial sinter reasonably well. As such, millipot provides a practical way to evaluate the sintering process and material performance at laboratory scale, helping to bridge the gap between tablet sintering and large scale pot sintering, or full scale plant trial. The results of millipot testing can be used for designing larger scale experiments or commercial sintering trials.

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confidence: 99%

Sintering of Iron Ores in a Millipot in Comparison with Tablet Testing and Industrial Process

Di²,

Pinson

et al. 2018

Metall Mater Trans B

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“…There are several classifications of SFCA based on shape to distinguish between the low-Fe type and high-Fe type. [11,12] However, Mežibrický and Fröhlichová (2016) [13] reported that the morphologic characteristic can appear identically, so VisuMet classifies both types of SFCA together. Glass and the present larnite (β-C 2 S) can be distinguished by etching with water, but to prevent the misidentification of pores, this was not done ( Figure 2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended Analyses of Iron Ore Sinter by Image Processing

Bückner¹,

Mali

2020

steel research int.

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The iron ore sinter quality is described by various parameters. The mineralogical and textural characteristics are obtained by image processing from microimages of polished sections. The image processing software VisuMet is adapted to analyze the mineral abundance and porosity of iron ore sinter. New algorithms are developed to calculate microstructural characteristics, like the pore size distribution and the effective thickness of sinter grains. The validation of the method using image processing is given by the description of three test series to estimate the systematic and analytical errors. The application to five industrial sinter samples is outlined. Ninety percent of all pores are smaller than 250 μm in equivalent diameter and the mean equivalent diameter ranges from 76 to 79 μm. The effective thickness, which is defined as the maximum distance between solid and nonsolid sinter material, varies between 120 and 368 μm. The area degradation algorithm of VisuMet is used to calculate the gradient between 30% and 80% of the degraded area. Dense sinter grains have a lower gradient than porous ones.

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“…The composition of bonding phase as low-melting minerals in high basicity sinter is mainly based on the calcium ferrite system with phases such as complex silico-ferrite of calcium and aluminum (SFCA-I and SFCA) [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] derived initially from the reaction of CaO, Fe 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , and Al 2 O 3 in the sintering process. Calcium ferrites are the initial products of the solidstate reaction in where the eutectic point of CaOAEFe 2 O 3 (CF) and CaOAE2Fe 2 O 3 (CF 2 ) is 1478 K (1205°C) showed from the binary phase diagram, [11] but the practices of sintering process show that the formation temperature of liquid phase is really below 1478 K (1205°C), which indicates that the melting temperature of calcium ferrite was reduced by additions of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , and MgO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sintering Characteristics of Mixing SiO2 with Calcium Ferrite at 1473 K (1200 °C)

Ding

Guo

2015

Metall Mater Trans B

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The liquid-generating capability in high basicity sinter was investigated by adding SiO 2 to CaOAEFe 2 O 3 (CF) at 1473 K (1200°C) in air for 4 hours. X-ray diffraction, electron-probe microanalysis, and optical microscopy combining with etching test were used to characterize the phase change of sintered samples. The results show that the minor SiO 2 additions from 0.14 wt pct to 6.49 wt pct to CF depressed the melting temperature of CF. New phases of formation included from SFC (silico-ferrite of calcium), SFC + Hem (Fe 2 O 3 ) + CS (CaOAESiO 2 ) to Hem + CS in samples with SiO 2 additions from 0.05 wt pct to 21.74 wt pct. With the maximum SFC produced in sample, the amount of SiO 2 addition was 10.64 wt pct. To understand the depressing mechanism of CF melting temperature, the experiments of differential scanning calorimetry for samples of CF, SFC, CF-SiO 2 (3.0 wt pct), and CF-SFC (50.0 wt pct) had been carried out. The result shows that mixing of SiO 2 or SFC with CF decreased the melting temperature of CF by 35 K and 34 K (35°C and 34°C), respectively, resulted in melting temperature approaching the eutectic temperature between CF and SFC. The phase relations between CF and SFC, as well as the intermediate products in depressing the melting temperature, will be an important guide to improve the sintering characteristics of iron ores.

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Data Arrangement and Consideration of Evaluation Standard for Silico-Ferrite of Calcium and Alminum (SFCA) Phase in Sintering Process

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

Sintering of Iron Ores in a Millipot in Comparison with Tablet Testing and Industrial Process

Sintering of Iron Ores in a Millipot in Comparison with Tablet Testing and Industrial Process

Extended Analyses of Iron Ore Sinter by Image Processing

The Sintering Characteristics of Mixing SiO2 with Calcium Ferrite at 1473 K (1200 °C)

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