Data Hiding and Its Applications: Digital Watermarking and Steganography

Megías, David; Mazurczyk, Wojciech; Kuribayashi, Minoru

doi:10.3390/app112210928

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The digital medium can be classified into various types, such as text, image, audio, and video, and it is referred to as the cover for secret data. Data hiding techniques are widely used to ensure copyright protection,communication security, data integrity, confidentiality, non-repudiation, and authentication and so on [53].Data hiding techniques can be divided into two types: steganography and watermarking [54].…”

Section: 2data Hiding Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Multi-Layered Security System: Secure 6G Mobile Network Considerations

Sr,

El-Bendary,

Eltokhy

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The vision of 6G networks refers to linking undersea, terrestrial, and space networks together. This vision involves transferring a massive amount of data over the network. 6G network requires very high levels of security. This paper presents the proposed vision of 6G security. This paper focuses on security levels on 6G network. The paper proposes a multi-level security system that secures the data without affecting it. The multi-level security system consists of three security levels, which are two encryption techniques and a data hiding technique. The paper carried outmany simulation experiments to find the best integration of these techniques that provides the best security performance without affecting the data. The best simulation experiments that provided the best data security performance were the integration between 2D Logistic map, SVD, and Baker Map, respectively. This system provided the best simulation results for data security. The simulation results indicated a perfect match between the original message and the decryption original message after applying the system. The results also indicated that there was no effect on the data and no loss of data.

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Section: 2data Hiding Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Multi-Layered Security System: Secure 6G Mobile Network Considerations

Sr,

El-Bendary,

Eltokhy

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Therefore, the secure use of BIM data is becoming increasingly important. Digital watermarking technology has emerged as a cutting-edge solution for copyright protection by hiding copyright information in data to carry out copyright identification, infringement traceability, and content authentication [7][8][9][10][11]. The robust watermark tightly integrates copyright information with the data to resist a wide range of attacks, making robust watermarking technology for BIM data important content in the field of data security [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust Watermarking Algorithm for Building Information Modeling Based on Element Perturbation and Invisible Characters

Zhou,

Zhu,

Ren

2023

Applied Sciences

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With the increasing ease of building information modeling data usage, digital watermarking technology has become increasingly crucial for BIM data copyright protection. In response to the problem that existing robust watermarking methods mainly focus on BIM exchange formats and cannot adapt to BIM data, a novel watermarking algorithm specifically designed for BIM data, which combines element perturbation and invisible character embedding, is proposed. The proposed algorithm first calculates the centroid of the enclosing box to locate the elements, and establishes a synchronous relationship between the element coordinates and the watermarked bits using a mapping mechanism, by which the watermarking robustness is effectively enhanced. Taking into consideration both data availability and the need for watermark invisibility, the algorithm classifies the BIM elements based on their mobility, and perturbs the movable elements while embedding invisible characters within the attributes of the immovable elements. Then, the watermark information after dislocation is embedded into the data. We use building model and structural model BIM data to carry out the experiments, and the results demonstrate that the signal-to-noise ratio and peak signal-to-noise ratio before and after watermark embedding are both greater than 100 dB. In addition, the increased information redundancy accounts for less than 0.15% of the original data., which means watermark embedding has very little impact on the original data. Additionally, the NC coefficient of watermark extraction is higher than 0.85 when facing attacks such as translation, element addition, element deletion, and geometry–property separation. These findings indicate a high level of imperceptibility and robustness offered by the algorithm. In conclusion, the robust watermarking algorithm for BIM data fulfills the practical requirements and provides a feasible solution for protecting the copyright of BIM data.

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“…Steganography is the science and art of information concealment, it is generally used to transport hidden information in digital objects such as video, image, audio, and other objects that are used by computers, although the objects have the greatest use are digital images because authors allow embedding high rates of information [4]. In steganography, there are spatial methods such as least significant bit (LSB) [5], pixel value differentiation (PVD) [6], tri-way pixel value differentiation (TPVD) [7], bit plane caps segmentation (BPCS) [8], which represents spatial information manipulation, and the methods that use discrete wavelet transformation (DWT), discrete cosine transformation (DCT) and discrete Fourier transformation (DFT) are responsible for embedding information through frequency-based transformations [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of steganography using watermarking and modifications pixels versus least significant bit

Caballero,

Muñoz,

Ramos-Corchado

2023

IJECE

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This article presents a steganography proposal based on embedding data expressed in base 10 by directly replacing the pixel values from images red, green blue (RGB) with a novel compression technique based on watermarks. The method considers a manipulation of the object to be embedded through a data compression triple process via LZ77 and base 64, watermark from low-quality images, embedded via discrete wavelet transformation-singular value decomposition (DWT-SVD), message embedded by watermark is recovered with data loss calculated, the watermark image and lost data is compressed again using LZ77 and base 64 to generate the final message. The final message is embedded in portable network graphic (PNG) images taken from the Microsoft common objects in context (COCO), ImageNet and uncompressed color image database (UCID) datasets, through a filtering process pixel of the images, where the selected pixels expressed in base 10, and the final message data is embedded by replacing units’ position of each pixel. In experimentation results an average of 40 dB in peak signal noise to ratio (PSNR) and 0.98 in the similarity structural index metric (SSIM) evaluation were obtained, and evasion steganalysis rates of up to 93% for stego-images, the data embedded average is 3.2 bpp.

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Data Hiding and Its Applications: Digital Watermarking and Steganography

Abstract: Data hiding techniques [...]

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

Flexible Multi-Layered Security System: Secure 6G Mobile Network Considerations

Flexible Multi-Layered Security System: Secure 6G Mobile Network Considerations

Robust Watermarking Algorithm for Building Information Modeling Based on Element Perturbation and Invisible Characters

A comparative study of steganography using watermarking and modifications pixels versus least significant bit

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