Data on some members of the family Tylenchidae (Nematoda: Tylenchina) from Iran

Abstract

Three species belonging to the family Tylenchidae, Malenchus nanellus, M. undulatus and Tylenchus naranensis, are reported for the first time for Iran. These species are characterized based on morphological and morphometric data. The Iranian population of M. nanellus is characterized by its body length ranging from 410-485 μm, cuticle annuli 1.1- 1.5 μm wide at mid-body and lateral field with two crenate lines, starting at the mid-region of procorpus and ending near 1/3 of tail length. The population of M. undulatus is characterized by its 458-526 μm body length, cuticle coarsely annulated, annuli 1.8-2.4 μm wide at mid-body, lateral field with crenate incisures, beginning at about half of the stylet length, ending at middle of tail, head narrower than adjacent body, median bulb well developed with prominent valve plates and functional males in population. Iranian population of T. naranensis, is characterized by having a 631-774 μm body length, lateral field with four lines, outer lines crenate, a stylet length ranging from 10-11 μm and a tail of 102-131 μm long. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on partial 28S rDNA sequences of T. naranensis revealed its close affinity with the genus Filenchus. Other Tylenchidae genera, such as Aglenchus (including the newly sequenced isolate from Iran) and Coslenchus were sister taxa and formed a well-supported clade. Malenchus exiguus, a previously reported species from Iran and sequenced in the present study, formed a monophyletic clade with other species of Malenchus and Lelenchus leptosoma.

Molecular phylogeny of Malenchus and Filenchus (Nematoda: Tylenchidae)

“…(iii) Tylenchus naranensis is nested within Filenchus clade 1, and the species shares similarities with the four‐incisured Filenchus species (see also Geraert ; Panahandeh et al . ) except for proportion of stylet cone and shaft. (iv) The genus Lelenchus , herein represented by different populations of L. leptosoma , is paraphyletic.…”

“…(), Panahandeh et al . () ( Malenchus pressulus, Malenchus labiatus and Malenchus exiguus ). Traitgram (B, D) showing the projection of the phylogeny into a space defined by annulus width ( y ‐axis) and relative time since divergence from the root ( x ‐axis; not calibrated due to the absence of informative fossil record).…”

“…This indicates that body markedly tapered posterior to vulva is convergent character: (ii) the genus Filenchus consists of at least two independent well-supported (PP = 1, BS = 100) clades: Filenchus clade 1, containing all species with four incisures in the lateral field, is sister (PP = 1, BS = 89) to the genus Coslenchus + Aglenchus, whereas Filenchus clade 2 with a single elevated ridge is sister (PP = 0.76, BS = 69) to Malenchus clade 1. (iii) Tylenchus naranensis is nested within Filenchus clade 1, and the species shares similarities with the four-incisured Filenchus species (see also Geraert 2008;Panahandeh et al 2015b) except for proportion of stylet Fig. 3 Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus tree interfered on 28S (A) and 18S (B) rDNA genes.…”

Data on Some Species of the Genus Coslenchus Siddiqi, 1978 (Rhabditida, Tylenchidae) from Iran

“…During the past few years, some species/genera of the family are included in molecular phylogenetic studies, and usually the sequences of 18S rDNA have been used (Palomares-Rius et al, 2009;Ashrafi et al, 2012;Atighi et al, 2012). In some recent studies, the sequences of 28S rDNA and especially the sequences of the D2/D3 fragments are used (Palomares-Rius et al, 2009;Panahandeh et al, 2014Panahandeh et al, , 2015aPanahandeh et al, , 2015bSoleymanzadeh et al, 2016). In present study, some discrepancies observe between the classic taxonomic frameworks on placement of some genera or species, as already documented in aforementioned studies using 28S data.…”

Redefinition of Genus Malenchus Andra’ssy, 1968 (Tylenchomorpha: Tylenchidae) with Additional Data on Ecology

“…Classification of Malenchus and Tylenchidae follows Geraert (2008). Geographic distributions were plotted using QGIS 2.82 based on original descriptions and other reports (Andr assy, 1981;Geraert and Raski, 1986;G omez-Barcina et al, 1992;Geraert, 2008;Holovachov, 2014;Mundo-Ocampo et al, 2015;Panahandeh et al, 2015a;Panahandeh et al, 2015b;Yaghoubi et al, 2015;Qing et al, 2016). Measurements and drawings from slides were prepared manually with a drawing tube mounted on an Olympus BX51 DIC Microscope (Olympus Optical, Tokyo, Japan), equipped with an Nikon DS-FI2 camera (Nikon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) for photography.…”