Data Privacy During Pandemics: A Scorecard Approach for Evaluating the Privacy Implications of COVID-19 Mobile Phone Surveillance Programs

Boudreaux, Benjamin; DeNardo, Matthew A.; Denton, Sarah W.; Sánchez, Ramón Orueta; Feistel, Katie; Dayalani, Hardika

doi:10.7249/rra365-1

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Time limits means ensuring that the data obtained about contacts, location tracking, and mobile device proximity can only be used in the scope of the crisis. Data management means applying all protections measures throughout the life cycle of data-collection systems for contact-tracing mobile apps ( Boudreaux et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data privacy during pandemics: a systematic literature review of COVID-19 smartphone applications

Alshawi

Al-Razgan

Alkallas

et al. 2022

PeerJ Computer Science

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Background On January 8, 2020, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention officially announced a new virus in Wuhan, China. The first novel coronavirus (COVID-19) case was discovered on December 1, 2019, implying that the disease was spreading quietly and quickly in the community before reaching the rest of the world. To deal with the virus’ wide spread, countries have deployed contact tracing mobile applications to control viral transmission. Such applications collect users’ information and inform them if they were in contact with an individual diagnosed with COVID-19. However, these applications might have affected human rights by breaching users’ privacy. Methodology This systematic literature review followed a comprehensive methodology to highlight current research discussing such privacy issues. First, it used a search strategy to obtain 808 relevant papers published in 2020 from well-established digital libraries. Second, inclusion/exclusion criteria and the snowballing technique were applied to produce more comprehensive results. Finally, by the application of a quality assessment procedure, 40 studies were chosen. Results This review highlights privacy issues, discusses centralized and decentralized models and the different technologies affecting users’ privacy, and identifies solutions to improve data privacy from three perspectives: public, law, and health considerations. Conclusions Governments need to address the privacy issues related to contact tracing apps. This can be done through enforcing special policies to guarantee users privacy. Additionally, it is important to be transparent and let users know what data is being collected and how it is being used.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data privacy during pandemics: a systematic literature review of COVID-19 smartphone applications

Alshawi

Al-Razgan

Alkallas

et al. 2022

PeerJ Computer Science

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show abstract

“…Longterm concerns center around the ambiguous end point for data collection and concerns that once allowed in order to mitigate a temporary emergency, surveillance will become permanent. Unfortunately, these concerns are warranted based on the history of previous surveillance activities enacted during crises: In the United States, there have been over 30 national emergencies declared providing emergency powers, including the domestic and international surveillance activities put in place after the September 11 terrorist attacks [75]. Balancing the clear long-term societal benefit of technologies to manage critical infection spread and reduce deaths and health-care costs, with short-term risks of disclosing sensitive personal information and long-term risks of continuous health surveillance, illustrates the ethical tensions of crisis contexts.…”

Section: Beneficencementioning

confidence: 99%

The Ethics of Privacy in Research and Design: Principles, Practices, and Potential

Kisselburgh¹,

Beever

2022

Modern Socio-Technical Perspectives on Privacy

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The contexts of sociotechnical privacy have evolved significantly in 50 years, with correlate shifts in the norms, values, and ethical concerns in research and design. We examine these eras of privacy from an ethics perspective, arguing that as contexts expand from the individual, to internet, interdependence, intelligences, and artificiality, they also reframe the audience or stakeholder roles present and broaden the field of ethical concerns. We discuss these ethical issues and introduce a principlist framework to guide ethical decision-making, articulating a strategy by which principles are reflexively applied in the decision-making process, informed by the rich interface of epistemic and ethical values. Next, we discuss specific challenges to privacy presented by emerging technologies such as biometric identification systems, autonomous vehicles, predictive algorithms, deepfake technologies, and public health surveillance and examine these challenges around five ethical principles: autonomy, justice, non-maleficence, beneficence, and explicability. Finally, we connect the theoretical and applied to the practical to briefly identify law, regulation, and soft law resources—including technical standards, codes of conduct, curricular programs, and statements of principles—that can provide actionable guidance and rules for professional conduct and technological development, codifying the reasoning outcomes of ethics.

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A Study on Contact Tracing Apps for Covid-19: Privacy and Security Perspective

Ali¹,

Zaaba²

2021

WEB

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To support the manual contact tracing methods of Covid-19, countries and big companies like Apple and Google are busy developing several contact tracing applications. The purpose of digital contact tracing apps is to accelerate existing traditional face to face interview method which can control the pandemic effectively and rapidly. A major concern is whether consumers will be willing to download, install, and use the contact tracing applications because of the debate it created about its main attribute like security, privacy concern, system framework, data processing, location measurement. In this paper we discuss the contact tracing apps and its different architecture, then we analyze the framework in term of security, privacy concern and privacy policy. We reported 47 contact tracing applications which are from 28 countries worldwide, with several others expected to be roll out later. We found that 23 percent of contact tracing apps currently implemented do not provide privacy policy in their documentation. We believe that these comprehensive evaluation and specific suggestions will lead to creation and implementation of solutions towards Covid-19 and support governments and mobile development industries in creating safe and privacy conserving apps for contact tracing solutions.

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Data Privacy During Pandemics: A Scorecard Approach for Evaluating the Privacy Implications of COVID-19 Mobile Phone Surveillance Programs

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Data privacy during pandemics: a systematic literature review of COVID-19 smartphone applications

Data privacy during pandemics: a systematic literature review of COVID-19 smartphone applications

The Ethics of Privacy in Research and Design: Principles, Practices, and Potential

A Study on Contact Tracing Apps for Covid-19: Privacy and Security Perspective

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