Data Reduction of Room Tests for Zone Model Validation

Janssens, Marc L.; Tran, Hao C.

doi:10.1177/073490419201000604

Cited by 91 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…-Wall A. Twelve thermocouples were installed in three thermocouple trees to measure the temperature at 30 cm from the wall A (sensors [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] as can be observed in Figure 2c. These measurements are used to study the smoke temperature at the far field and the smoke layer drop.…”

Section: Fire Experiments and Simulations In A Full-scale Atrium 53mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is usually evaluated in the literature by means of CO 2 concentration [16,17] as well as temperature measurements [18][19][20][21][22], the latter being the most used due to the ease of its measurement. There are many different temperature methods to evaluate the smoke layer interface in the literature, such as the n-percent method proposed by Cooper et al [18], the upper zone averaging and mass equivalency by Quintere et al [19], the maximum gradient method by Emmons [20], the Janssen method [21] or the least-square method by He et al [22]. All these methods, except the least-square method, present a certain grade of empiricism, because of that the least-square method has been used in this paper to compare the smoke layer interface both numerically and experimentally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fire Experiments and Simulations in a Full-scale Atrium Under Transient and Asymmetric Venting Conditions

et al. 2015

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Abstract. An experimental and numerical comparison of new full-scale atrium fire tests in the 20 m cubic atrium with four different heat release rates (1.7 MW, 2.3 MW, 3.9 MW and 5.3 MW) is presented. Different exhaust conditions (steady and transient extraction rates) and different make-up air configurations (symmetric and asymmetric) are assessed. Temperature measurements in the near (fire plume) and far field (close to the walls) have been recorded by means of 59 thermocouples. The smoke layer interface is also estimated by means of a thermocouple tree with 28 measurements using the least-square and the n-percent methods. The simulations have been conducted using FDS (version 6, Release Candidate 3). The comparison with the simulations shows average discrepancies lower than 32% and 11%, for the near and far field temperatures, respectively. A discrepancy lower than 5% (1 m) is obtained by both methods for the smoke layer height when the steady state is reached. Finally, a slower response to an increment on the exhaust rate is predicted on the smoke layer, being more perceptible for high heat release rates.

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Section: Fire Experiments and Simulations In A Full-scale Atrium 53mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire Experiments and Simulations in a Full-scale Atrium Under Transient and Asymmetric Venting Conditions

et al. 2015

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“…More details about this phenomenon will be addressed in the next section since it is a consequence of the previously established steady-state stage. The smoke layer interface and the layer temperatures have been numerically calculated in FDS using the method developed in [13].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulations of a Mechanically-Ventilated Multi- Compartment Fire

Beji¹,

Bonte²,

Merci³

2014

Fire Saf. Sci.

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The objective of this work was to evaluate the capabilities of a widely used Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code in the fire community, namely the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS 5.5.3), in the simulation of a large-scale, well-confined and mechanically ventilated multi-room fire scenario. The CFD analysis focuses on the effect of pressure build-up induced by the fire on the ventilation network. The measured heat release rate (HRR) was therefore prescribed as input in the simulations. Computational results were compared to measurements obtained for one of several experimental scenarios performed at the French Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN). The overall trend was well reproduced by FDS. Quantitative comparisons for respectively the total relative pressure, ventilation flow rates and gas temperature (in the fire room) at the steady-state combustion regime have shown underestimations of 18 to 22 %. KEYWORDS

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“…9 and the calculated mass flow with FDS is provided in Table 2. The hot layer height and average hot layer temperature have been recorded in the opening with the help of the "layer height" and "upper temperature" functions in FDS, which are based on the two-layer reduction method [16,21]. There are fundamental differences between the calculation procedure of FDS and the assumptions of Eq.…”

Section: Simulation Data From Fdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simplified Relation Between Hot Layer Height and Opening Mass Flow

Johansson

Hees

2014

Fire Saf. Sci.

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The mass flow of air through an opening in a well-mixed compartment fire can be calculated with a simple expression. Similar simple models are lacking for the stratified pre-flashover case. Usually an advanced computer model is required to calculate the mass flow through an opening in a pre-flashover compartment fire. However, two equations for the opening mass flow through an opening are presented and evaluated in this paper.The presented equations are predominantly valid for temperatures above 200°C and predictions with the equations are shown to be within 10% of results from computer simulations and experimental measurements. The equations can also be combined with existing plume models in order to give an estimate of the hot layer height in a compartment fire with a predefined heat release rate.

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Data Reduction of Room Tests for Zone Model Validation

Cited by 91 publications

References 16 publications

Fire Experiments and Simulations in a Full-scale Atrium Under Transient and Asymmetric Venting Conditions

Fire Experiments and Simulations in a Full-scale Atrium Under Transient and Asymmetric Venting Conditions

Numerical Simulations of a Mechanically-Ventilated Multi- Compartment Fire

A Simplified Relation Between Hot Layer Height and Opening Mass Flow

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