Data sensing and analysis: Challenges for wearables

Williamson, James; Liu, Qi; Lu, Fenglong; Mohrman, Wyatt; Li, Kun; Dick, Robert P.; Shang, Li

doi:10.1109/aspdac.2015.7058994

Cited by 80 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…are battery-powered, meaning that their lifetime becomes restricted by battery capacity and discharge rate [1], [2]. For example, smart watches for fitness performance tracking typically last for 18-20 hours, depending on the model and activity [3], while fitness trackers can last for 3-4 days [4], having an average charge time of 2 hours.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intermittently-powered energy harvesting step counter for fitness tracking

Rodríguez

Balsamo

Luo

et al. 2017

2017 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)

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Abstract-Over the past decade, there has been a rapid increase in the popularity of wearable and portable devices, such as step counters, to monitor fitness performance. However, these devices are battery-powered, meaning that their lifetimes are restricted by battery capacity. Ideally, wearable devices could be powered by energy harvested from human motion. Energy harvesting systems traditionally incorporate energy storage to cope with source variability. However, energy storage takes time to charge and increases the size and cost of systems. This paper proposes an intermittently-powered energy harvesting step counter for integrated wearable applications, which aims to remove the energy storage element. The proposed step counter sustains its operation by harvesting energy from footsteps using a ferroelectret insole, which also works as an event detection sensor, i.e. the system is powered by the parameter that is being sensed. Designing this required the characterization of the insole to evaluate the amount of energy provided, and analysis of the energy needed by the overall system. Finally, the system was implemented and experimentally validated. The proposed step counter has an error of less than 4% when walking, which is lower than the error in conventional smartphone applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intermittently-powered energy harvesting step counter for fitness tracking

Rodríguez

Balsamo

Luo

et al. 2017

2017 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)

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“…The nascent field of body-bound electronics is still is in its infancy and there exists several challenges that ought to be addressed for successful adaptation of the technology by various market segments. [6][7][8][9] Identifying suitable wearable energy sources is one of the biggest omnipresent challenge that cuts across almost all wearable electronics fields. 10 The situation is getting further exacerbated as the field of wearable electronics advances toward developing tiny, yet complex, multi-tasking wearable devices that continuously require high levels of energy supply for optimal performance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review—Wearable Biofuel Cells: Past, Present and Future

Bandodkar¹

2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The perspective article provides a detailed description of the major developments in the field of wearable biofuel cells. The article expounds several attributes of this newly emerging technology and its potential to address the energy needs of wearable devices. In addition to discussing important milestones reached in this field, the article also highlights the grand challenges that are presently hindering further development of wearable biofuel cells. Particular emphasis has been devoted to major issues related to biofuel cell stability, need for generating stable, high levels of power, mechanical compliance and resiliency and device aesthetics. In addition to this, the article also offers multiple pathways to address these issues. The article aims at generating interest among researchers with diverse expertise to come together on a common platform to overcome the major challenges faced by the field of wearable biofuel cells. Such collaborative efforts will be essential for the success of wearable biofuel cells and to harness their full potential. Why Biofuel Cells for Wearable Applications?Recent development of bio-integrated wearable electronics that provide continuous information, 1,2 entertainment, 3,4 help in carrying out routine activities 5 are a result of our insatiable desire to develop technologies that make lives easy. The nascent field of body-bound electronics is still is in its infancy and there exists several challenges that ought to be addressed for successful adaptation of the technology by various market segments. [6][7][8][9] Identifying suitable wearable energy sources is one of the biggest omnipresent challenge that cuts across almost all wearable electronics fields. 10 The situation is getting further exacerbated as the field of wearable electronics advances toward developing tiny, yet complex, multi-tasking wearable devices that continuously require high levels of energy supply for optimal performance. Research efforts to overcome this issue can be broadly classified into developing low-energy electronics, 11 adaptive algorithms for intelligent, low-power consuming electronics 12 and high energy density power sources. 13 Of these, development of efficient power sources has attained the greatest attention. Usage of conventional power sources, such as, lithium ion and alkaline batteries result in increased bulkiness and rigidity of the wearable electronics wherein just a fraction of the device weight is due to electronics while the rest is because of the battery. Such integration of conventional power sources with wearable electronics thus vitiates the overall attractiveness of the wearable system. Hence, there has been a genuine effort within the scientific community toward developing new formats of power sources for wearable applications. One of the most obvious and widely explored avenues is the development of thin, flexible and even stretchable batteries and supercapacitors that can be easily mated with the human body.14-16 Such body-compliant energy storage systems are quite attracti...

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“…Since the late 2000's, the wearable category has experienced surprising growth in market adoption [41]. This is likely due to the decrease in cost of embedded electronics and the advent of the smartphone, which provides the necessary data services and user-interaction support [41].…”

Section: Wearable Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Essentially, these devices consist of embedded computing systems that provide ubiquitous personalized services to the wearer [41]. Wearables are now regarded as one of top categories in the IoT [41]. Since the late 2000's, the wearable category has experienced surprising growth in market adoption [41].…”

Section: Wearable Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fog Protocol and FogKit: A JSON-Based Protocol and Framework for Communication Between Bluetooth-Enabled Wearable Internet of Things Devices

Lewson¹

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Data sensing and analysis: Challenges for wearables

Cited by 80 publications

References 12 publications

Intermittently-powered energy harvesting step counter for fitness tracking

Intermittently-powered energy harvesting step counter for fitness tracking

Review—Wearable Biofuel Cells: Past, Present and Future

Fog Protocol and FogKit: A JSON-Based Protocol and Framework for Communication Between Bluetooth-Enabled Wearable Internet of Things Devices

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