Data versus Spock: lay theories about whether emotion helps or hinders

Karnaze, Melissa M.; Levine, Linda J.

doi:10.1080/02699931.2017.1326374

Cited by 34 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Preliminary analyses showed no significant differences between genders or ethnic groups in their endorsement of help or hinder theories (all ps > 0.22). As found by Karnaze and Levine (2018), participants tended to view emotion overall as more helpful (M = 3.43, SD = 0.62) than hindering (M = 3.11, SD = 0.62), t(280) = 6.25, p < 0.001. Cronbach's alpha was 0.74 for Help items and 0.64 for Hinder items.…”

Section: Time 3 Questionnairementioning

confidence: 53%

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Lay Theories About Whether Emotion Helps or Hinders: Assessment and Effects on Emotional Acceptance and Recovery From Distress

Karnaze

Levine

2020

Front. Psychol.

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Section: Time 3 Questionnairementioning

confidence: 53%

“…Debates about whether emotion is adaptive or maladaptive predate Plato and are still salient in Western media and discourse today (Lutz, 1986;Karnaze and Levine, 2018). Recently, researchers have also begun to explore lay people's views about the functionality of specific emotional states or features such as stress and physiological arousal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lay Theories About Whether Emotion Helps or Hinders: Assessment and Effects on Emotional Acceptance and Recovery From Distress

Karnaze

Levine

2020

Front. Psychol.

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“…For emotion goals to become available, people must have some knowledge about emotions and their associations with desired or undesired outcomes. This implies that knowledge and beliefs about emotions likely play a role in whether and when emotions are represented as available goals (e.g., Ford & Gross, 2019; Karnaze & Levine, 2018). For instance, Buddhism may cultivate the belief that emotions should not be regulated.…”

Section: Emotions As Goals In Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effortful Emotion Regulation as a Unique Form of Cybernetic Control

Tamir

2020

Perspect Psychol Sci

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Emotion regulation is important for psychological well-being, yet we know relatively little about why, when, and how hard people try to regulate emotions. This article seeks to address these motivational issues by considering effortful emotion regulation as a unique form of cybernetic control. In any domain of self-regulation, emotions serve as indices of progress in regulation and inform the expected value of regulation. In emotion regulation, however, emotions also serve as the very target of regulation. This interdependence gives rise to ironic processes that may render people less likely to exert effort in emotion regulation, precisely when they need it most. The proposed analysis complements and extends existing theories of emotion regulation, sheds new light on available findings, carries implications for psychopathology and well-being, and points to new hypotheses that could lead to theoretical and applied advances in the field.

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“…Sadness can also function positively in our daily lives. For example, sadness promotes the analysis and understanding of causes of goal failure, and it enables people to adjust their mental state after irrevocable loss (Andrews & Thomson, 2009;Forgas, 1998Forgas, , 2013Karnaze & Levine, 2018). Additionally, sadness provides adaptive advantages, such as being less prone to errors of judgement (Forgas, 1998) or producing high-quality and effective communication strategies (Forgas, 2007;Koch et al, 2013;Matovic et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Positive Features of the Sadness Prototype

Shirai

Nagamine

2020

Percept Mot Skills

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Sadness, an emotional experience of daily life, is typically associated with negative experiences such as the loss of a loved one. However, sadness also has an adaptive function, as it can help us respond appropriately to environmental demands. While previous research has revealed positive functions of sadness, it is unclear whether laypeople recognize any positive aspects of sadness. In the present three-part study, we aimed to identify whether laypeople conceptualize any positive features of sadness. In Part 1, we asked Japanese participants ( n = 122) to describe the features of “sadness,” and their responses revealed 37 different sadness features, some of which were assumed to be positive aspects (e.g., meaning making). In Part 2, we asked a second group of Japanese participants ( n = 140) to rate the centrality of each previously named feature, and we then classified the features into either central or peripheral sadness features. At this point, participants reported positive aspects of sadness (e.g., co-occurrence of positive emotion). To confirm the differences between central and peripheral features, in Part 3 we examined automatic responses toward these features from a third group of Japanese participants ( n = 91) and demonstrated the relationship between the concept of sadness and its characteristic features. We presented these participants with a subset of the features of sadness and then asked them to complete a recall and recognition task. As expected, they recalled central features more often than peripheral features of sadness, and they generated false recognitions to central features. In conclusion, this three-part study indicated that there are positive features related to the function of sadness that laypeople can identify in their mental lexicon.

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Data versus Spock: lay theories about whether emotion helps or hinders

Cited by 34 publications

References 58 publications

Lay Theories About Whether Emotion Helps or Hinders: Assessment and Effects on Emotional Acceptance and Recovery From Distress

Lay Theories About Whether Emotion Helps or Hinders: Assessment and Effects on Emotional Acceptance and Recovery From Distress

Effortful Emotion Regulation as a Unique Form of Cybernetic Control

Identifying Positive Features of the Sadness Prototype

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