Datapoints: Iraqi Psychiatrists' Perceptions of Substance Use Disorders Among Patients

Al-Hasnawi, Salih M.; Aqrawi, Rawnak; Sadik, Sabah; Humphreys, Keith

doi:10.1176/ps.2009.60.6.728

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Regarding the data on marital status, the largest group were the married, unlike the finding in Rather et al which may be explained by the fact that our sample is somewhat older and our society considers marriage to be an integral and respected aspect of life (Al-Hasnawi, S. M., et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

“…The majority of patients had a low educational level (illiterate and primary) which is similar to the findings of Oneyka et al while it differs from Kadri et al and Rather et al in which high school education was the most prevalent educational level especially when we know that illiteracy is still a very common problem in our country in comparison with other countries. (Al-Hasnawi, S. M., et al, 2009;Rather Y H et al, 2013;Kadri A.M., et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Socio-demographic profile of a sample of drug dependent patients who visit the psychiatric unit at Al Dewanyea teaching hospital, Iraq

Albermany¹

2019

ijrps

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Like many other subjects, not enough data is present about drug addiction in Iraq. So it is needed to be researched especially for the social and economic impact it has on the society in general. To identify different sociodemographic characteristics of patients with drug abuse and to know what types of drugs that have been abused, and to know the settings that introduced these patients to drugs. A sample of 150 patients was selected from those who attended the psychiatric unit at Al Dewaniya teaching hospital along 6 months' period and were interviewed and diagnosed according to DSM 5 criteria for substance dependence disorders. The mean age of patients was 36.94 ±11.93 and men formed 88% of the sample. The sample most common sociodemographic characteristics were primary school education (46.7 %), unemployment (45.3 %) and mostly married (44 %). The most commonly abused drug was procyclidine 52.7% followed by diazepam 45.3%, then alprazolam 24.7%. of the sample only (48 %) had psychiatric comorbidity and 70% of them were introduced to drugs via a non-medical source. Procyclidine, benzodiazepines and tramadol are the most commonly used drugs, and patients with mental illness are at risk of developing drug dependence introduced to them via a doctor prescription.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-demographic profile of a sample of drug dependent patients who visit the psychiatric unit at Al Dewanyea teaching hospital, Iraq

Albermany¹

2019

ijrps

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“…Besides the growing levels of alcohol use, which is occurring along with increasing alcohol availability, especially in Baghdad, commonly used drugs across the country are sedative hypnotics and benzhexol. In an article on Iraqi psychiatrists' perceptions of the drug situation in the country (Al-Hasnawi, Aqrawi, Sadik, & Humphreys, 2009), the authors reported on a survey of psychiatrists (70) working in Iraq. Fifty-eight of the 70 psychiatrists (83%) completed the survey regarding patients seen in private or government clinics for substance use disorders.…”

Section: Drug and Alcohol Use In Iraqmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug and Alcohol Use in Iraq: Findings of the Inaugural Iraqi Community Epidemiological Workgroup

Al-Hemiary

Al-Diwan

Hasson³

et al. 2014

Substance Use & Misuse

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Background Reports suggest increased use of alcohol, prescription drugs, and illicit drugs in Iraq in the past decade, which may portend an increase in substance use disorders (SUDs) and, thus, an increased need for treatments. Objectives/Methods To develop better information on the nature and extent of drug and alcohol use in Iraq, the Iraqi Ministry of Health, with support from the U.S. government and technical assistance from U.S. researchers, held an initial Iraqi Community Epidemiology Work Group meeting in May 2012 in Baghdad. Drug seizure data was the primary data source, provided by Iraqi law enforcement and customs officials. Ministry of Health officials presented data from hospitals (medical and psychiatric), outpatient clinics, and health centers, as well as from surveys of medical patients, pharmacy patients, and prisoners. Results The data suggest that the most commonly used substances are alcohol, hashish, and prescription drugs. New drugs in Iraq's drug use scene include the amphetamine-type substances “Captagon” and crystal methamphetamine, and the painkiller tramadol. Seizures of Captagon, methamphetamine, Afghan opium, teriac (a crude form of opium), and heroin at border crossings may indicate that these substances are becoming more popular. A plan for an ongoing program of CEWG meetings was developed. Conclusions Drug and alcohol use in Iraq is increasing and new drugs are appearing in the country. An ongoing program for monitoring drug use trends and informing Iraqi policy makers is important for public health planning, including the development of strategies to identify citizens with SUDs and provide them treatment.

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“…Similarly, use of other drugs and treatment seeking for problems with those drugs are less stigmatised than for alcohol in Iraq (S. M. Al-Hasnawi, Aqrawi, Sadik, & Humphreys, 2009;Brandt, 2005;Humphreys, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol: from Mesopotamia to Modern Iraq

Ansari

Dawson

Conigrave

2019

Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse

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Aims: An understanding of alcohol's place in Iraq's history and society can help inform alcohol policy responses in that country and other Muslim majority countries. This paper describes the history of alcohol in Iraq from ancient to modern times, with reflection on the challenges facing Iraqi youth today.Methods: A search was undertaken to identify peer reviewed and grey literature that describes alcohol-related practices, norms and values across the millennia in Iraq. A historical overview is provided of alcohol's use and context, with more detail on recent times.Findings: Alcohol was an important commodity in Iraq until the rise of Islam in the 7 th century CE. Despite the subsequent Islamic restrictions on alcohol, alcohol remained present in Iraq's society and cultures. Recent studies provide varying descriptions of the prevalence of alcohol consumption and there are challenges in researching this sensitive topic. External forces shaping alcohol use in Iraq include direct and indirect alcohol promotion, globalised media, and conflict and violence with its associated stress and trauma. Conclusion:Alcohol research and policy development in Iraq must consider the country's unique cultural, religious, historical and political context. Iraq's youth may be subject to pressures to increase consumption and thus policies must be informed by an understanding of the complex set of current perspectives and pressures.

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Datapoints: Iraqi Psychiatrists' Perceptions of Substance Use Disorders Among Patients

Cited by 10 publications

References 1 publication

Socio-demographic profile of a sample of drug dependent patients who visit the psychiatric unit at Al Dewanyea teaching hospital, Iraq

Socio-demographic profile of a sample of drug dependent patients who visit the psychiatric unit at Al Dewanyea teaching hospital, Iraq

Drug and Alcohol Use in Iraq: Findings of the Inaugural Iraqi Community Epidemiological Workgroup

Alcohol: from Mesopotamia to Modern Iraq

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