Dating fault damage along the eastern Denali fault zone with hematite (U-Th)/He thermochronometry

McDermott, Robert G.; Ault, Alexis K.; Caine, Jonathan Saul

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2021.116872

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The Denali fault zone is not only narrow in our region of study; it also appears to be in a narrow zone (10-35 m) along strike to the east, where focused exhumation is occurring in the Kluane Ranges of the Yukon (Caine et al, 2015(Caine et al, , 2018McDermott et al, 2021), and less than 100 m wide to the west in the Mount McKinley restraining bend (Benowitz et al, 2021). We propose that the rapid vertical tectonics environ of the Denali fault leads to beveling off of crustal material.…”

Section: Age Of the Mount Hayes Restraining Bend And The Arcuate Shap...mentioning

confidence: 71%

“…This expansion of the zone of rapid exhumation on the north side of the Mount Hayes restraining bend aligns with the ca. 6 Ma southern Alaska tectonic event (Fitzgerald et al, 1993;Waldien et al, 2018;Allen et al, 2022) that was also experienced in the Yukon Kluane Ranges (McDermott et al, 2021).…”

Section: Cooling History North Of the Mount Hayes Restraining Bendmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…1) to ca. 30-25 Ma (Benowitz et al, 2011a(Benowitz et al, , 2012(Benowitz et al, , 2014(Benowitz et al, , 2019Riccio et al, 2014;Burkett et al, 2016;Lease et al, 2016;McDermott et al, 2019McDermott et al, , 2021Waldien et al, 2021bWaldien et al, , 2022). Together, these thermochronological studies outline a history of asymmetrical uplift and unroofing of the Alaska Range through time and space along the Denali fault system, with juxtaposed crustal blocks being translated hundreds of kilometers and at times in and out of geometric complexities (Waldien et al, 2021a).…”

Section: Yakutat Flat Slab Subduction and Oligocene To Present Alaska...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Large-scale, crustal-block vertical extrusion between the Hines Creek and Denali faults coeval with slip localization on the Denali fault since ca. 45 Ma, Hayes Range, Alaska, USA

Benowitz¹,

Roeske

Regan

et al. 2022

Geosphere

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Oblique convergence along strike-slip faults can lead to both distributed and localized deformation. How focused transpressive deformation is both localized and maintained along sub-vertical wrench structures to create high topography and deep exhumation warrants further investigation. The high peak region of the Hayes Range, central Alaska, USA, is bound by two lithospheric scale vertical faults: the Denali fault to the south and Hines Creek fault to the north. The high topography area has peaks over 4000 m and locally has experienced more than 14 km of Neogene exhumation, yet the mountain range is located on the convex side of the Denali fault Mount Hayes restraining bend, where slip partitioning alone cannot account for this zone of extreme exhumation. Through the application of U-Pb zircon, 40Ar/39Ar (hornblende, muscovite, biotite, and K-feldspar), apatite fission-track, and (U-Th)/He geo-thermochronology, we test whether these two parallel, reactivated suture zone structures are working in tandem to vertically extrude the Between the Hines Creek and Denali faults block on the convex side of the Mount Hayes restraining bend. We document that since at least 45 Ma, the Denali fault has been bent and localized in a narrow fault zone (<160 m) with a significant dip-slip component, the Mount Hayes restraining bend has been fixed to the north side of the Denali fault, and that the Between the Hines Creek and Denali faults block has been undergoing vertical extrusion as a relatively coherent block along the displacement “free faces” of two lithospheric scale suture zone faults. A bent Denali fault by ca. 45 Ma supports the long-standing Alaska orocline hypothesis that has Alaska bent by ca. 44 Ma. Southern Alaska is currently converging at ~4 mm/yr to the north against the Denali fault and driving vertical extrusion of the Between the Hines Creek and Denali faults block and deformation north of the Hines Creek fault. We apply insights ascertained from the Between the Hines Creek and Denali faults block to another region in southern Alaska, the Fairweather Range, where extreme topography and persistent exhumation is also located between two sub-parallel faults, and propose that this region has likely undergone vertical extrusion along the free faces of those faults.

show abstract

Section: Age Of the Mount Hayes Restraining Bend And The Arcuate Shap...mentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Cooling History North Of the Mount Hayes Restraining Bendmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Yakutat Flat Slab Subduction and Oligocene To Present Alaska...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Large-scale, crustal-block vertical extrusion between the Hines Creek and Denali faults coeval with slip localization on the Denali fault since ca. 45 Ma, Hayes Range, Alaska, USA

Benowitz¹,

Roeske

Regan

et al. 2022

Geosphere

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These dates must be interpreted in the context of hematite morphology, deformation textures, grain-size distribution and thus T c range, and post-formation thermal history. Depending on the ambient temperature conditions at which hematite forms or is deformed relative to the T c , hematite may record mineralization (McDermott et al, 2021;Moser et al, 2017;Wu et al, 2019), cooling due to exhumation (Calzolari et al, 2018), or He loss associated with frictional heating and/or hydrothermal fluids (Ault et al, 2016;McDermott et al, 2017). Comminution or recrystallization during slip can modify the T c , making an aliquot susceptible to He loss at lower temperatures (Ault et al, 2015).…”

Section: Hematite (U-th)/he Thermochronometry From Fault Rocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondary mineral textures on slip surfaces track mechanochemical transformations that promote earthquake rupture propagation or energy dissipation via plastic deformation or creation of off-fault damage. Hematite, a common mineral associated with faults, exhibits textures that reflect the conditions of mineralization, related deformation rates, and micro-to nanoscale deformation mechanisms (e.g., McDermott et al, 2017McDermott et al, , 2021Moser et al, 2017). Hematite (U-Th)/He (hematite He) thermochronometry, when combined with textural observations, constrains the temperatures, rates, timing, and, importantly, depths of fault slip (Ault, 2020).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Shallow Rupture Propagation of Pleistocene Earthquakes Along the Hurricane Fault, UT, Revealed by Hematite (U‐Th)/He Thermochronometry and Textures

Taylor

Ault

Odlum

et al. 2021

Geophysical Research Letters

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The shallow portions of fault zones accommodate the up-dip propagation of earthquake ruptures (Scholz, 2002). Forecasting earthquake hazards requires knowledge of slip distribution and the mechanical behavior of the shallow crust (Field et al., 2013;Nevitt et al., 2020;Petersen et al., 2015). Models for fault strength and predictions of rate-dependent frictional behavior with depth often depict the upper 3 km as an unconsolidated gouge or a voluminous bedrock zone(s) undergoing distributed deformation (e.g., Fagereng & Toy, 2011;Klinger et al., 2018;Sibson, 1983). Geodetic measurements indicate that a seismic slip deficit in the shallow crust may be explained by compliant zones of reduced elastic stiffness (Barbot et al., 2008) or elastoplasticity in off-fault damage zones (Kaneko & Fialko, 2011;Roten et al., 2017). However, fault growth, evolution, and structural maturity cause localization of on-fault deformation rather than creation of off-fault damage (Dolan & Haravitch, 2014). Paleoseismic trenches (Rockwell & Ben-Zion, 2007) and exhumed bedrock fault surfaces indicate deformation is localized even in the shallowest crust, and that structures are reactivated during recurring seismic events.

show abstract

Tectonics, Fault Zones, and Topography in the Alaska–Canada Cordillera with a Focus on the Alaska Range and Denali Fault Zone

Caine¹,

Benowitz²

2022

Atlas of Structural Geological and Geomorphological Interpretation of Remote Sensing Images

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dating fault damage along the eastern Denali fault zone with hematite (U-Th)/He thermochronometry

Cited by 13 publications

References 45 publications

Large-scale, crustal-block vertical extrusion between the Hines Creek and Denali faults coeval with slip localization on the Denali fault since ca. 45 Ma, Hayes Range, Alaska, USA

Large-scale, crustal-block vertical extrusion between the Hines Creek and Denali faults coeval with slip localization on the Denali fault since ca. 45 Ma, Hayes Range, Alaska, USA

Shallow Rupture Propagation of Pleistocene Earthquakes Along the Hurricane Fault, UT, Revealed by Hematite (U‐Th)/He Thermochronometry and Textures

Tectonics, Fault Zones, and Topography in the Alaska–Canada Cordillera with a Focus on the Alaska Range and Denali Fault Zone

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About