Dating of the oldest continental sediments from the Himalayan foreland basin

Endemic ranid (Amphibia: Anura) genera in southern mountain ranges of the Indian subcontinent represent ancient frog lineages: evidence from molecular data

“…First, the Indian subcontinent detached from Africa $130 million years ago (Ma) (Krause et al, 1999), as part of the Madagascar-Seychelles-India block. Its long northward drift across the Tethys sea, with disconnection from Madagascar at $88 Ma (Storey et al, 1995) and the Seychelles at $65 Ma (Courtillot et al, 1988), ended only in the Palaeogene (Najman et al, 2001), after accretion to the Eurasian block. The first contact between both landmasses momentarily enabled Eurasian animal and plant groups to invade the subcontinent (Briggs, 1989;Prasad and Sahni, 1988), and lineages of Gondwanan origin, if they persisted on the drifting subcontinent, to disperse to Eurasia (Bossuyt and Milinkovitch, 2001;Conti et al, 2002;Gower et al, 2002;Wilkinson et al, 2002a).…”

Detrital zircon U–Pb geochronology of the Siwalik Group of the Nepal Himalaya: implications for provenance analysis

“…The QFL plot reveals that sandstone from both the Lower and Middle Siwaliks falls within the "recycled orogeny" field indicating that the foreland basin sediments were derived from the sedimentary and metamorphic rocks of different geological formations of the northern region. Najman et al (2001) attributed such predominance of low-grade metamorphic lithic grains to an influx of material metamorphosed during the Himalayan orogeny.…”

Geodynamic Implications for the 8 October 2005 North Pakistan Earthquake

“…To the North of the Hazara-Kashmir Syntaxis, the Balakot Formation represents a continental foreland basin sedimentary sequence (Najman et al 2001(Najman et al , 2002 of more than 8 km thick sandstone, mudstone, and caliche redbed succession of mixed metamorphic and igneous provenance, derived from the IndiaEurasia suture zone and the metamorphic rocks of the Himalayas (Critelli and Garzanti 1994).…”