Daunomycin in the treatment of experimental proliferative vitreoretinopathy: retinal toxicity of intravitreal daunomycin in the rabbit

Abstract

The retinal toxicity of daunomycin, a drug that effectively suppresses experimental proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), was studied in the rabbit by clinical examination, electroretinography (ERG), light microscopy, and electron microscopy. Although no toxicity was observed at the therapeutically effective dose of 10 nmol per eye, the safety margin is too small to recommend this drug for therapy of proliferative vitreoretinopathy in man.

Platelet-derived Growth Factor Receptor Kinase Inhibitor AG1295 and Inhibition of Experimental Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy

“…Other cell proliferation inhibitory drugs such as corticosteroid, 43 5-fluorouracil, 44 cyclosporine A, 45 and daunomycin 46 decrease the severity of membrane formation and the incidence of retinal detachment by controlling cell proliferation in rabbit eyes. These drugs were not fully satisfactory either because they inhibited membrane formation only transiently or had too small a safety margin because of less selectivity.…”

The Inhibition of Vitamin K₃ on Rabbit Fibroblast Proliferation in vitro

“…A variety of drugs have been studied for their ability to inhibit cell proliferation [1]. Most agents have a high toxic ity, and they arc not safe enough to be recommended for clinical management of PVR in humans [5][6][7][8], Here, we re port that vitamin K., is a potent inhibitor of rabbit conjunc tival fibroblast proliferation. …”

“…The safety dose is too small to recommend these drugs for therapy of PVR in humans, such as daunomycin or Adriamycin [6,7], In one study, individual patients were rcported to have received very high parenteral doses of vita min K., (1,000 mg/day for 11 consecutive days) without seri ous toxicity [13].…”

High-Energy Electrons Used to Inhibit Experimental Intraocular Proliferation and Detachment

“…Pharmacologic preparations presently available and tested have the disadvantage of an absorption too rapid for the desired effect, particularly in vitrectomized and lensectomized eyes, of not being readily soluble, or because of the toxicity of their solvents when applied intravitreally [Santana et al, 1984;Hida et al, 1986]. For these reasons, they are applied in man hesitantly and with consider ably lower frequency than in animal experi ments.…”