Daytime increase in caloric intake without change in total 24-h caloric intake can increase adiposity but not total bodyweight in rats with inverted feeding pattern

Rocha, L.; Matos, Rhowena Jane Barbosa de; Souza, Julliet Araújo de; Costa, Ana Carolina Oliveira; Souza, Sandra Lopes de; Muniz, Gisélia de Santana; Nascimento, Elizabeth do

doi:10.1139/apnm-2016-0536

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Oral glucose tolerance in the light phase after a 14 h fast was worsened when mice were subjected to a shift-work paradigm with either 1 or 3 rotating night shifts (i.e., an inverted L:D cycle) per week for a duration of 3 weeks (22). In rats several risk factors such as increased abdominal fat, increased fasting glucose and increased glycemia in the light phase during an OGTT were found after 60 days of inverted feeding (i.e., 20% of caloric intake during the active phase and 80% of caloric intake during the inactive phase) (23). In line with our results, TRF during the active phase in mice improved glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity for several different nutritional challenges, even when TRF was applied only during weekdays and not during the weekend (8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-Restricted Feeding Improves Glucose Tolerance in Rats, but Only When in Line With the Circadian Timing System

et al. 2019

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Epidemiological studies indicate that shift-workers have an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity both are dependent on the circadian timing system (i.e., the time-of-day) and fasting duration, in rodents as well as humans. Therefore, question is whether manipulation of the circadian timing system, for example by changing the timing of feeding and fasting, is a potential preventive treatment for T2DM. Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is well-known to have profound effects on various metabolic measures, including glucose metabolism. However, experiments that directly measure the effects of TRF on glucose tolerance and/or insulin sensitivity at different time points throughout the 24 h cycle are lacking. Here we show, in rats, that TRF in line with the circadian timing system (i.e., feeding during the active phase) improves glucose tolerance during intravenous glucose tolerance tests (ivGTT) in the active phase, as lower insulin levels were observed with similar levels of glucose clearance. However, this was not the case during the inactive phase in which more insulin was released but only a slightly faster glucose clearance was observed. Contrasting, TRF out of sync with the circadian timing system (i.e., feeding during the inactive phase) worsened glucose tolerance, although only marginally, likely because of adaptation to the 4 week TRF regimen. Our results show that TRF can improve glucose metabolism, but strict adherence to the time-restricted feeding period is necessary, as outside the regular eating hours glucose tolerance is worsened.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-Restricted Feeding Improves Glucose Tolerance in Rats, but Only When in Line With the Circadian Timing System

et al. 2019

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“…Decreased ambulatory activity was observed after 8 weeks of HFD in adult rats [ 10 ]. Further, altered sleep patterns [ 17 ] and alternating periods of food accessibility [ 18 ] are proposed to contribute to weight gain and abdominal adiposity in rats. However, there is a critical gap of knowledge regarding how ambulatory activity and sleep are modulated by obesogenic diets over time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Feeding Behaviors and Adiposity Precede Observable Weight Gain in Young Rats Submitted to a Short-Term High-Fat Diet

Andrich

Melbouci

Yu-xiang

et al. 2018

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism

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Information regarding the early effects of obesogenic diets on feeding patterns and behaviors is limited. To improve knowledge regarding the etiology of obesity, young male Wistar rats were submitted to high-fat (HFD) or regular chow diets (RCDs) for 14 days. Various metabolic parameters were continuously measured using metabolic chambers. Total weight gain was similar between groups, but heavier visceral fat depots and reduced weight of livers were found in HFD rats. Total calorie intake was increased while individual feeding bouts were shorter and of higher calorie intake in response to HFD. Ambulatory activity and sleep duration were decreased in HFD rats during passive and active phase, respectively. Acylated and unacylated ghrelin levels were unaltered by the increased calorie intake and the early changes in body composition. This indicates that at this early stage, the orexigenic signal did not adapt to the high-calorie content of HFD. We hereby demonstrate that, although total weight gain is not affected, a short-term obesogenic diet alters body composition, feeding patterns, satiation, ambulatory activity profiles, and behaviours in a young rat model. Moreover, this effect precedes changes in weight gain, obesity, and ensuing metabolic disorders.

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“…In two studies, where authors did not find differences in body weight gain (79,80) , this was associated with decreased food consumption. In the case of the studies by Shamsi et al (85) (8 or 16 h day feeding) and Rocha et al (86) , animals' body weight remained similar to controls; however, animals developed metabolic alterations (Table 4).…”

Section: Experimental Models Of Shifted Food Timingmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Disrupted circadian rhythms were observed in the fluctuations of clock genes in the liver, muscle and heart (61,(78)(79)(80)(81)(82)(83) . Studies also report loss of temperature rhythms, shifted locomotor activity towards the rest phase, shifted glucose, TAG, leptin and ghrelin rhythms and decreased leptin immunoreactivity rhythms in the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminals (61,64,(78)(79)(80)(81)(82)(83)(84)(85)(86) . In the study of Ramirez-Plascencia et al (87) , authors described shifted or blunted activity rhythms of orexin, melanin-concentrating hormone and α-melanocortin-stimulating hormone neurons in the hypothalamus.…”

Section: Experimental Models Of Shifted Food Timingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shift-work: is time of eating determining metabolic health? Reddy & Jagota (84) Shifted Reznick et al (80) Shifted (86) HFD, high-fat diet; LH-PeF, lateral hypothalamus-perifornical area; LD, light-dark; MCH, melanin-concentrating hormone; α-MSH, α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone; NE, not explored; ORX, orexin; OVLT, organum vasculosum lamina terminalis; ↑ increased; ↓ decreased.…”

Section: What Do Experimental Models Indicate About the Association Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shift-work: is time of eating determining metabolic health? Evidence from animal models

et al. 2018

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The circadian disruption in shift-workers is suggested to be a risk factor to develop overweight and metabolic dysfunction. The conflicting time signals given by shifted activity, shifted food intake and exposure to light at night occurring in the shift-worker are proposed to be the cause for the loss of internal synchrony and the consequent adverse effects on body weight and metabolism. Because food elicited signals have proven to be potent entraining signals for peripheral oscillations, here we review the findings from experimental models of shift-work and verify whether they provide evidence about the causal association between shifted feeding schedules, circadian disruption and altered metabolism. We found mainly four experimental models that mimic the conditions of shift-work: protocols of forced sleep deprivation, of forced activity during the normal rest phase, exposure to light at night and shifted food timing. A big variability in the intensity and duration of the protocols was observed, which led to a diversity of effects. A common result was the disruption of temporal patterns of activity; however, not all studies explored the temporal patterns of food intake. According to studies that evaluate time of food intake as an experimental model of shift-work and studies that evaluate shifted food consumption, time of food intake may be a determining factor for the loss of balance at the circadian and metabolic level.

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Daytime increase in caloric intake without change in total 24-h caloric intake can increase adiposity but not total bodyweight in rats with inverted feeding pattern

Cited by 8 publications

References 52 publications

Time-Restricted Feeding Improves Glucose Tolerance in Rats, but Only When in Line With the Circadian Timing System

Time-Restricted Feeding Improves Glucose Tolerance in Rats, but Only When in Line With the Circadian Timing System

Altered Feeding Behaviors and Adiposity Precede Observable Weight Gain in Young Rats Submitted to a Short-Term High-Fat Diet

Shift-work: is time of eating determining metabolic health? Evidence from animal models

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