Daytime napping, comorbidity profiles, and the risk of sarcopenia in older individuals

Abstract

Appropriate daytime napping is associated with the decreased risk of cerebro-cardiovascular diseases, but whether daytime napping affects sarcopenia remains to be explored. Our study plans to examine the associations between sarcopenia with daytime napping and comorbidity. The study population came from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011–2015. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify comorbidity profiles based on 14 doctor-diagnosed chronic diseases. Subsequently, smooth function and restricted cubic spline with three binomial regression models determined the associations between sarcopenia with daytime napping and comorbidity profiles. About 18.7% (2,894) and 5.4% (832) of 15,404 individuals were diagnosed with sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia. LCA delineated four classes as the best fit as follows: dominant heart diseases or risks (class 1, N = 2,203), dominant chronic lung diseases (class 2, N = 740), minimal or least diseases (class 3, N = 10,612, reference), and dominant digestive diseases and rheumatism (class 4, N = 1849). Compared with the reference group (class 3), the multivariate-adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of sarcopenia in model 3 were 0.72 (0.60–0.88) for class 1, 1.17 (0.92–1.51) for class 2, and 0.92 (0.77–1.09) for class 4. Smooth function and restricted cubic spline suggested that individuals who napped about 60 min seemingly had the lowest risk of sarcopenia. Individuals who napped for 1–59 min (adjusted OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.68–0.94) and 60–119 min (adjusted OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.72–0.95) had the significantly lower risk of sarcopenia but not severe sarcopenia than those who did not nap. Insufficient and excessive daytime napping might be associated with the increased risk of sarcopenia, especially in individuals with a dominant chronic lung disease profile.

Association between nocturnal sleep duration and midday napping and the incidence of sarcopenia in middle-aged and older adults: a 4-year longitudinal study

“…In the current study, we discovered that midday nappers had a reduced risk of developing sarcopenia when compared to non-midday nappers. The result is in line with a recently published study that suggested that daytime napping is one of the important factors affecting the risk of sarcopenia in older people [38]. The possible mechanism of midday napping on sarcopenia can be addressed from the viewpoint of physical performance.…”

“…This study has multiple strengths. Compared to the closely related previous publications about nocturnal sleep duration and midday napping [8,9,21,38], the use of a prospective cohort design, which can suggest a causal relationship between sleep behavior and the incidence of sarcopenia, is a major strength of this study. Another strength is that this study used a large-scale representative population-based sample in China.…”

Association between depressive symptoms and sarcopenia among middle-aged and elderly individuals in China: the mediation effect of activities of daily living (ADL) disability

“…Chronic conditions like hypertension and diabetes alter metabolism, affecting muscles. Abnormal sleep patterns disrupt recovery processes, while poor napping habits lower energy levels and hinder muscle recovery [ 49 , 50 ]. And sleep quality may also affect pain, a relevant variable in the association between depressive symptoms and sarcopenia [ 51 ].…”

PCDH7 as the key gene related to the co-occurrence of sarcopenia and osteoporosis

“…In recent years, sarcopenia and osteoporosis, two degenerative diseases in the motor system of older adults, have attracted increasing attention from researchers due to increasingly aging societies ( Hu et al, 2022 ; Khosla et al, 2022 ). For instance, the proportion of the aged population in South Korea was 16.6% in 2021, and this may reach 25.5% after 10 years and 40.1% after 30 years ( Kwon et al, 2022 ).…”