Daytime pattern of post-exercise protein intake affects whole-body protein turnover in resistance-trained males

Moore, Daniel R.; Areta, José L.; Coffey, Vernon G.; Stellingwerff, Trent; Phillips, Stuart M.; Burke, Louise M.; Cléroux, Marilyn; Godin, J.F.; Hawley, John A.

doi:10.1186/1743-7075-9-91

Cited by 69 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Given that skeletal muscle is a major storage reservoir for body amino acids and that the acute postexercise muscle anabolism that occurs with exogenous amino acid ingestion is additive to the cumulative 24-h response in adults (42), it is tempting to speculate the sustained positive WBPB over 24 h with HP was related in part to an optimal postexercise stimulation of muscle protein synthesis with the relatively higher protein ingestion. Indeed, a reasonable agreement between [ 15 N]glycine-determined WBPB measured over 12 h and the exercise-induced increase in muscle protein synthesis in adults suggests these rates reflect, to some degree, changes in muscle protein metabolism (2,29). However, the children in the present study would be experiencing normal somatic growth and, therefore, could be expected to have a positive 24-h WBPB with adequate protein and energy intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Postexercise protein ingestion increases whole body net protein balance in healthy children

Moore

Volterman

Obeid

et al. 2014

Journal of Applied Physiology

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Moore DR, Volterman KA, Obeid J, Offord EA, Timmons BW. Postexercise protein ingestion increases whole body net protein balance in healthy children. J Appl Physiol 117: 1493-1501, 2014. First published October 23, 2014 doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00224.2014.-Postexercise protein ingestion increases whole body and muscle protein anabolism in adults. No study has specifically investigated the combined effects of exercise and protein ingestion on protein metabolism in healthy, physically active children. Under 24-h dietary control, 13 (seven males, six females) active children (ϳ11 yr old; 39.3 Ϯ 5.9 kg) consumed an oral dose of [ 15 N]glycine prior to performing a bout of exercise. Immediately after exercise, participants consumed isoenergetic mixed macronutrient beverages containing a variable amount of protein [0, 0.75, and 1.5 g/100 ml for control (CON), low protein (LP), and high protein (HP), respectively] according to fluid losses. Whole body nitrogen turnover (Q), protein synthesis (S), protein breakdown (B), and protein balance (WBPB) were measured throughout exercise and the early acute recovery period (9 h combined) as well as over 24 h. Postexercise protein intake from the beverage was ϳ0.18 and ϳ0.32 g/kg body mass for LP and HP, respectively. Q, S, and B were significantly greater (main effect time, all P Ͻ 0.001) over 9 h compared with 24 h with no differences between conditions. WBPB was also greater over 9 h compared with 24 h in all conditions (main effect time, P Ͻ 0.001). Over 9 h, WBPB was greater in HP (P Ͻ 0.05) than LP and CON with a trend (P ϭ 0.075) toward LP being greater than CON. WBPB was positive over 9 h for all conditions but only over 24 h for HP. Postexercise protein ingestion acutely increases net protein balance in healthy children early in recovery in a dose-dependent manner with larger protein intakes (ϳ0.32 g/kg) required to sustain a net anabolic environment over an entire 24 h period. protein synthesis; lean body mass; youth; physical activity; protein requirements PHYSICAL ACTIVITY is an essential component for the optimal growth and development of the musculoskeletal system in children. Greater levels of physical activity, especially those which are weight bearing and of higher intensity, have been associated with higher bone mineral density, lean mass, and strength in children (5,18,43). The net gain in lean mass with physical activity would require alterations in whole body protein turnover that would favor the net synthesis of body proteins, or, in other words, protein synthesis would be chronically elevated above protein breakdown.Despite the important role physical activity plays in remodeling lean tissues and enhancing lean body mass, few studies have determined the impact of specific episodes of exercise on protein metabolism in children. Whole body protein metabolism is characterized by the continuous turnover and renewal of body proteins through the simultaneous processes of protein synthesis and protein breakdown. Interestingly, previous research by the Rodriguez l...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Postexercise protein ingestion increases whole body net protein balance in healthy children

Moore

Volterman

Obeid

et al. 2014

Journal of Applied Physiology

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show abstract

“…Hence, for 80-85-kg resistance-trained, young men, past (31,32) and current data suggested that a diminished return in terms of the acute stimulation of postexercise rates of MPS is gained from repeatedly ingesting .20 g protein. In contrast, the longterm physiologic impact of a 10-14% higher rate of MPS in the 40WP on muscle hypertrophy remains unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myofibrillar muscle protein synthesis rates subsequent to a meal in response to increasing doses of whey protein at rest and after resistance exercise

Witard¹,

Jackman²,

Breen³

et al. 2014

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

417

506

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Background: The intake of whey, compared with casein and soy protein intakes, stimulates a greater acute response of muscle protein synthesis (MPS) to protein ingestion in rested and exercised muscle. Objective: We characterized the dose-response relation of postabsorptive rates of myofibrillar MPS to increasing amounts of whey protein at rest and after exercise in resistance-trained, young men. Design: Volunteers (n = 48) consumed a standardized, high-protein (0.54 g/kg body mass) breakfast. Three hours later, a bout of unilateral exercise (8 3 10 leg presses and leg extensions; 80% onerepetition maximum) was performed. Volunteers ingested 0, 10, 20, or 40 g whey protein isolate immediately (w10 min) after exercise. Postabsorptive rates of myofibrillar MPS and whole-body rates of phenylalanine oxidation and urea production were measured over a 4-h postdrink period by continuous tracer infusion of labeled [ 13 C 6 ] phenylalanine and [ 15 N 2 ] urea. Results: Myofibrillar MPS (mean 6 SD) increased (P , 0.05) above 0 g whey protein (0.041 6 0.015%/h) by 49% and 56% with the ingestion of 20 and 40 g whey protein, respectively, whereas no additional stimulation was observed with 10 g whey protein (P . 0.05). Rates of phenylalanine oxidation and urea production increased with the ingestion of 40 g whey protein.Conclusions: A 20-g dose of whey protein is sufficient for the maximal stimulation of postabsorptive rates of myofibrillar MPS in rested and exercised muscle of w80-kg resistance-trained, young men. A dose of whey protein .20 g stimulates amino acid oxidation and ureagenesis. This trial was registered at http://www.isrctn.org/ as ISRCTN92528122.Am J Clin Nutr 2014;99:86-95.

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“…In addition to daily protein needs, other factors are also important for optimizing performance adaptations, including timing and partitioning of intake. To maximize protein synthesis, and thus muscle remodeling and recovery [89], it is suggested that endurance athletes consume a minimum of 20 g of protein at 3–4 h intervals to maximize muscle protein synthesis [75, 90]. The amount required for ultra-endurance athletes and those who exercise longer than 2 h is presently unclear.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional implications for ultra-endurance walking and running events

Williamson

2016

Extrem Physiol Med

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This paper examines the various nutritional challenges which athletes encounter in preparing for and participating in ultra-endurance walking and running events. Special attention is paid to energy level, performance, and recovery within the context of athletes’ intake of carbohydrate, protein, fat, and various vitamins and minerals. It outlines, by way of a review of literature, those factors which promote optimal performance for the ultra-endurance athlete and provides recommendations from multiple researchers concerned with the nutrition and performance of ultra-endurance athletes. Despite the availability of some research about the subject, there is a paucity of longitudinal material which examines athletes by nature and type of ultra-endurance event, gender, age, race, and unique physiological characteristics. Optimal nutrition results in a decreased risk of energy depletion, better performance, and quicker full-recovery.

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Daytime pattern of post-exercise protein intake affects whole-body protein turnover in resistance-trained males

Cited by 69 publications

References 20 publications

Postexercise protein ingestion increases whole body net protein balance in healthy children

Postexercise protein ingestion increases whole body net protein balance in healthy children

Myofibrillar muscle protein synthesis rates subsequent to a meal in response to increasing doses of whey protein at rest and after resistance exercise

Nutritional implications for ultra-endurance walking and running events

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